Female Condom Use in South African College Students

南非大学生女用安全套使用情况

• 批准号: 7099503
• 负责人: Joanne Ellen Mantell
• 金额: $ 49.77万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK STATE PSYCHIATRIC INSTITUTE DBA RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR MENTAL HYGIENE, INC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-06 至 2009-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7099503
• 关键词: AIDS education /prevention; Africa; attitude; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; cognitive behavior therapy; communicable disease control; communication; condoms; disease /disorder prevention /control; family planning; female; human subject; human therapy evaluation; interview; longitudinal human study; male; patient oriented research; safe sex /sex abstinence; sex behavior; sex education; sex roles; sexually transmitted diseases; university student; women' s health

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Women's unequal position in sexual negotiations highlights the need for methods, such as the female condom, that they can initiate. In South Africa, the female condom has been endorsed as a pregnancy and disease prevention method, and, since the launch of a government-sponsored introductory strategy, demand has been growing. The female condom has the potential to enhance women's bargaining power within their relationships, but its successful use also depends on male partner cooperation. Few interventions for women to learn female condom negotiation skills have been developed and evaluated, especially in settings such as South Africa, where unequal gender relations pose a special challenge. The proposed study will develop and test a two-session, culture-specific, group-based female condom negotiation and insertion skills intervention on a South African university campus. Specific study aims areto (1) develop, implement, and test the effectiveness in a randomized controlled trial of a brief cognitive-behavioral intervention versus a standard information-only intervention on short- and long-term use of the female condom, total number of male and female condom-unprotected occasions, and female condom attitudes among South African female university students; (2) identify the individual, contextual, and method-related determinants of female condom initiation, maintenance, and discontinuation; (3) explore the context of the introduction and use of the female condom for both women and their male partners using qualitative methods, and (4) explore men's attitudes about the female condom and men's role in female condom use. In the Preparatory Research Phase, formative qualitative work (ethnographic mapping on campus and 20 focus groups, N = 200) and a campus-wide representative cross-sectional survey of 1,000 students will be conducted to understand the social context and characterize the target population, formulate appropriate intervention messages, and serve as a recruitment source for the Phase II trial. The Trial Phase will test the effectiveness of a cognitive-behavioral skills intervention against an information-only control condition on short- and long-term use and discontinuation of the female condom among 280 women. Participants will be assessed prior to and immediately post-intervention, and at three and six months thereafter. In-depth interviews with 70 female trial participants and 70 of their male partners will augment data provided by women participants to increase understanding of the contextual factors that influence initial adoption, long-term use and discontinuation of the female condom. If successful, this brief intervention should be widely replicable in other similar settings.

描述（由申请人提供）：女性在性谈判中的不平等地位凸显了对她们可以发起的方法的需求，例如女用安全套。在南非，女用避孕套已被认可为一种怀孕和疾病预防方法，并且自政府发起的推广战略启动以来，需求一直在增长。女用安全套有潜力增强女性在人际关系中的讨价还价能力，但其成功使用也取决于男性伴侣的合作。针对女性学习女用安全套谈判技巧的干预措施很少被制定和评估，特别是在南非等地区，不平等的性别关系构成了特殊的挑战。拟议的研究将在南非大学校园开发和测试为期两次、针对特定文化、基于群体的女用安全套协商和插入技能干预措施。具体研究目标是 (1) 在短期和长期使用女用安全套、男性和女用安全套未受保护的总次数以及南非女大学生中对女用安全套的态度方面，制定、实施并测试短期认知行为干预与标准纯信息干预的随机对照试验的有效性； (2) 确定女用安全套使用、维持和停用的个体、背景和方法相关的决定因素； (3) 使用定性方法探讨女性及其男性伴侣引入和使用女用安全套的背景，以及 (4) 探索男性对女用安全套的态度以及男性在女用安全套使用中的角色。在准备研究阶段，将进行形成性定性工作（校园和20个焦点小组的民族志绘图，N = 200）以及对1,000名学生进行全校代表性横断面调查，以了解社会背景并描述目标人群的特征，制定适当的干预信息，并作为第二阶段试验的招募来源。试验阶段将测试认知行为技能干预对 280 名女性短期和长期使用和停用女用安全套的纯信息控制条件的有效性。参与者将在干预前、干预后立即以及干预后三个月和六个月接受评估。对 70 名女性试验参与者及其 70 名男性伴侣的深入访谈将补充女性参与者提供的数据，以加深对影响初次采用、长期使用和停用女用安全套的背景因素的了解。如果成功，这种简短的干预应该可以在其他类似环境中广泛复制。