Compensatory Brain Activation after Stroke

中风后大脑的代偿性激活

• 批准号: 7288496
• 负责人: LARA A BOYD
• 金额: $ 5.4万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-03-05 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7288496
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; brain injury; brain interhemispheric activity; brain mapping; cerebral dominance; clinical research; functional ability; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; motor cortex; neuroimaging; neuropathology; psychological tests; psychomotor function; psychomotor reaction time; rehabilitation; stroke; stroke therapy

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Many have attempted to define mechanisms for stroke recovery in the hope that understanding these processes will improve rehabilitation techniques and enhance function. However, our understanding of how the brain compensates for damage after stroke is uncertain, in part because the relationships between behavior and brain function are not well understood. After stroke some neuroplastic changes are helpful for recovery; others, such as bilateral cortical activity during unimanual movements, have uncertain value. There is limited consensus regarding whether activity in the undamaged, contralesional cortex plays an adaptive role in recovery from stroke, or is an epiphenomenon. It is also unclear what causes activity in the undamaged, contralesional cortex. We propose that contralesional cortical activity is in some part stimulated by task difficulty, and that motor skill acquisition will both reduce perceived effort and alter patterns of brain activation. Thus, the main goal of the proposed study is to map the relationships between the phenomenon of contralesional cortical activation in the stroke affected brain and motor skill acquisition. We predict that motor learning will dynamically alter patterns of brain activation, and reduce contralesional cortical activation. The second goal of this project is to relate functional recovery from stroke with changes in brain activation patterns during motor learning. Because the ability to learn new and relearn old motor skills is essential for recovery after brain damage, we expect that the magnitude of change in contralesional cortical activation associated with motor learning will be related to upper extremity function. To avoid the possibility that changes in brain activation reflect acute physiologic recovery, we will study individuals with chronic middle cerebral artery stroke, using functional magnetic resonance imaging to directly map the relationships between motor-related cortical activation and task-related behavioral improvements that reflect motor learning.

描述（由申请人提供）：许多人试图定义中风恢复的机制，希望理解这些过程将改善康复技术并增强功能。但是，我们对大脑如何弥补中风后损害的理解尚不确定，部分原因是行为与大脑功能之间的关系尚不清楚。中风后一些神经塑性变化有助于恢复。其他的，例如单人运动中双侧皮质活性，具有不确定的价值。关于在未损害的，对比的皮质中的活性在中风中恢复还是表现epiphenomenon中起着适应性的作用，共识是有限的。还不清楚是什么导致未损坏的，对侧皮质的活动。我们建议，在某些部分受到任务困难刺激的皮质活动，并且运动技能采集将减少感知的努力和改变大脑激活的模式。因此，拟议的研究的主要目的是绘制中风影响大脑和运动技能的相反皮质激活现象之间的关系。我们预测运动学习将动态改变大脑激活的模式，并减少对侧皮质激活。该项目的第二个目标是将中风的功能恢复与运动学习过程中大脑激活模式的变化联系起来。由于学习新的和重新学习旧运动技能的能力对于脑损伤后恢复至关重要，因此我们预计与运动学习相关的对侧皮质激活的变化幅度将与上肢功能有关。为了避免大脑激活的变化反映急性生理恢复的可能性，我们将使用功能性磁共振成像研究患有慢性脑动脉中风的个体，以直接绘制与运动相关的皮质激活与与任务相关的行为改善之间的关系，以反映反映运动的运动。