Visual Knowledge of Objects

物体的视觉知识

• 批准号: 7104984
• 负责人: SHARON L THOMPSONSCHILL
• 金额: $ 34.51万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-08-05 至 2010-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7104984
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; blindness; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; brain injury; clinical research; cognition; congenital vision disorder; experience; human subject; patient oriented research; visual pathways; visual perception

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Investigations of the formation, representation, and organization of concepts have been central to the field of cognitive psychology over the past several decades. One dominant theory of semantic memory (Allport, 1985) describes object concepts as distributed mental representations implemented in functionally and physically distinct attribute-domains that correspond to different sensory or motor domains of which they are also a part. In fact, according to Allport, these modules are the very same areas of the brain that are dedicated to processing sensorimotor information. One such attribute-domain that has been discussed extensively in the cognitive and cognitive neuroscience literatures is the domain of visual knowledge. This attribute-domain is the topic of investigation in the current proposal. Specifically, we aim (1) to characterize visual knowledge attribute-domains and, in particular, to examine subdivisions in conceptual representations about object appearance that parallel subdivisions in visual perception; (2) to explore variation in visual knowledge retrieval across different concepts and categories; (3) to investigate the link between visual knowledge and visual perception; and, (4) to relate individual differences in visual knowledge attribute-domains to variation in behavior and experience. The proposed experiments make use of a variety of methodologies, including behavioral experiments in normal subjects, congenitally blind adults, and brain-damaged patients, and neuroimaging experiments in both normal and congenitally blind subjects.

描述（由申请人提供）：过去几十年来，对概念的形成，代表和组织的调查一直是认知心理学领域的核心。语义记忆的一个主要理论（Allport，1985）将对象概念描述为在功能和物理上不同的属性域中实现的分布式心理表示，这些属性与它们也是它们也是一部分的不同感觉或运动域相对应的。实际上，根据Allport的说法，这些模块是专门用于处理感觉运动信息的大脑区域。在认知和认知神经科学文献中广泛讨论的属性域是视觉知识的领域。此属性域是当前建议中的调查主题。具体而言，我们的目的是表征视觉知识属性属性域，尤其是在概念表示中检查对象外观的细分，这些对象外观平行于视觉感知中的分区； （2）探索不同概念和类别中视觉知识检索的变化； （3）研究视觉知识与视觉感知之间的联系； （4）将视觉知识中的个体差异归因于行为和经验的变化。提出的实验利用了各种方法，包括正常受试者，先天性盲人和脑部损害患者的行为实验，以及正常和先天性盲人的神经成像实验。