Genetic architecture of the mammalian (canid) skeleton:*

哺乳动物（犬科动物）骨骼的遗传结构：*

• 批准号: 7035302
• 负责人: KARL Gordon LARK
• 金额: $ 3.91万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-04-01 至 2008-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7035302
• 关键词: Commonwealth of Independent States; United States; aggression; animal breeding; animal population study; behavioral /social science research tag; dogs; ethology; gene environment interaction; genetic markers; genetic screening; genetic strain; genotype; molecular genetics; morphology; quantitative trait loci; skeletal system; species difference

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In humans, morphological abnormalities often are accompanied by certain behaviors (anxiety, placidity, etc.) that can have social implications, particularly in conjunction with the morphological change. The animal model proposed here examines the effects of behavioral change on morphology and will be used to analyze the genetic regulation of these complex phenotypes. A collaborative project between the Institute for Cytology and Genetics (ICG) in Novosibirsk, Russia and the Department of Biology at the University of Utah, in Salt Lake City Utah is described. This collaborative project explores the genetic basis for morphological changes that have occurred during selection for behavioral traits in the process of domesticating the silver fox (V. vulpes). The project exploits a novel resource, two fox populations - one tame the other aggressive - that have been established in Novosibirsk, Russia. The two populations were established using only behavioral selection criteria in the breeding program. Nevertheless, morphological variation accompanied the behavioral changes. Thus, the Silver Fox populations present a unique resource for analysis of interactions between behavior and functional morphology. In this project, molecular genetic markers developed for analysis of the dog (C. familiaris) will be used to identify Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) for behavior and morphology in the silver fox. Using backcross populations, loci for behavior and morphology will be identified and co-segregation of these loci will be sought. Preliminary investigations have shown that: a) canine markers can be used in the silver fox; b) heritable morphological variation exists within and between the fox populations; (c) that heritable behavioral variation also exists between the fox populations; and (d) simulations predict sufficient statistical power to identify the genetic loci sought. Specific haplotypes will be compared between the fox and dog, using the sequence of the dog genome to establish linkage to common markers. Ultimately comparison with the human and mouse genome sequences will establish other mammalian syntenic relationships. A program for increasing research capacity at the ICG is described, whereby technology for analyzing genotypes using DNA markers (Simple Sequence Repeats) will be transferred to ICG. Additionally, novel statistical computational tools will be introduced together with the working use of computational packages for genome analysis. Senior researchers at ICG have been identified to implement the transfer of these molecular and computational technologies. Although these techniques will be applied initially to the project described here, it is foreseen that they will be used in a number of other programs at the Russian institute.

描述（由申请人提供）： 在人类中，形态学异常通常伴随着某些行为（焦虑，平静等），这些行为可能具有社会影响，尤其是与形态学变化的结合。这里提出的动物模型研究了行为变化对形态学的影响，并将用于分析这些复杂表型的遗传调节。描述了俄罗斯Novosibirsk的细胞学与遗传学研究所（ICG）与犹他州盐湖城犹他州生物学系之间的合作项目。这个协作项目探讨了在驯化银狐（V. vulpes）过程中选择行为特征期间发生形态变化的遗传基础。该项目利用了一种新的资源，两个狐狸种群 - 一个驯服了另一个侵略性 - 已在俄罗斯诺瓦西比尔斯克建立。这两个人群仅在育种计划中仅使用行为选择标准建立。然而，形态变异伴随着行为变化。因此，银狐的种群为分析行为和功能形态之间的相互作用提供了独特的资源。在这个项目中，开发用于分析狗的分子遗传标志物（C. facklicis）将用于识别银狐的行为和形态的定量性状基因座（QTLS）。使用反向交叉种群，将确定用于行为和形态的基因座，并寻求这些基因座的共隔离。初步调查表明：a）犬类标记可以在银狐中使用； b）福克斯种群内和之间存在可遗传的形态变异； （c）福克斯种群之间也存在可遗传的行为变化； （d）模拟预测了足够的统计能力来识别所寻求的遗传基因座。使用狗基因组的序列，将比较狐狸和狗之间的特定单倍型，以建立与公共标记的联系。最终与人类和小鼠基因组序列进行比较将建立其他哺乳动物的同步关系。 描述了一个用于提高ICG研究能力的程序，从而将使用DNA标记（简单序列重复序列）分析基因型的技术将转移到ICG。此外，还将引入新型的统计计算工具以及用于基因组分析的计算套件的工作用途。已经确定了ICG的高级研究人员，以实施这些分子和计算技术的转移。尽管这些技术最初将应用于此处描述的项目，但可以预见，它们将用于俄罗斯研究所的许多其他计划中。