Design and evaluation of a nutritionally adequate diet for healthy ageing in older UK adults: The Healthy Ageing DIet (HADI) Study

设计和评估英国老年人健康老龄化所需的营养充足的饮食:健康老龄化饮食 (HADI) 研究

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    2642833
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    --
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    英国
  • 项目类别:
    Studentship
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助国家:
    英国
  • 起止时间:
    2021 至 无数据
  • 项目状态:
    未结题

项目摘要

The UK population is ageing rapidly. By 2025, the number of adults aged 65 years will double to reach 18.5 million, with fastest growth expected among those 85 years1. A key public health challenge is to identify effective solutions to reduce disability and morbidity and extend the health span of UK citizens2. In this regard, adequate nutrition can protect against age-related physical and cognitive function decline3,4 and prevent chronic disease such as cardiovascular disease5. The Eatwell Guide provides advice on food groups which supply the required reference nutrient intake (RNI) and promote overall UK population health with low environmental impacts6. However, ageing is associated with numerous physiological changes e.g. loss of olfactory function and taste7, altered inflammatory and immune responses8, altered body composition9, delayed gastric emptying10 disrupted appetite regulation11, leading to altered food preferences12 and decreased nutrient bioavailability13 that predispose older adults to nutrient deficiency14. Lovegrove et al14, recently reported strong evidence to support an increased RNI for protein, calcium, folate and B12 among those aged 65 years in the UK. Hence, older adults have nutritional needs that differ from those of the younger adults and which have not yet been fully considered in UK dietary guidelines. Other nutrients of concern during ageing include suboptimal intakes of potassium, iron, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin K, vitamin B6 and vitamin D13 and excess saturated fat, sugar and sodium15. There is a critical need to define nutritionally adequate dietary recommendations for optimal health and well-being in later life and inform targeted agri-food innovations to help UK citizens aged 65 years meet their nutritional needs. The proposed PhD project aims to address these gaps by: (i) combining evidence review, state of the art diet modelling techniques and stakeholder engagement to design a Healthy Ageing DIet (HADI) for older UK adults; and, (ii) evaluating the impact of HADI on nutritional intake, nutritional status and measures of healthy ageing. Research questions1. What are the optimal food combinations required to achieve nutritional adequacy in older adults and feasible to implement with minimal deviation from the current UK diet? We hypothesise that it is feasible to define acceptable food combinations to optimally meet the nutritional needs of older UK adults2. What is the association between adherence to an optimised Healthy Ageing DIet (HADI) and nutritional status in older UK adults? We hypothesise that HADI will be associated with adequate intake and status of key nutrients of concern 3. How does an optimised HADI relate to changes in physical and cognitive performance and chronic disease risk? We hypothesise that greater HADI adherence will be associated with slower cognitive and functional decline and reduced risk of cardiovascular disease Main objectives are to:1. Complete a systematic review on health impact of undernutrition in older adults (year 1)2. Apply diet optimisation modelling using national food consumption data to define the minimum amount of dietary change to food group proportions represented in the Eatwell Guide to meet nutritional requirements for adults 65 years (year 1-2)3. Use the models to determine 'problem' nutrients requiring diet fortification to meet the nutritional needs of older adults (year 2)4. Conduct qualitative research with older consumers and agri-food industry stakeholders to define acceptable foods that would be feasible for targeted nutrient fortification and product innovation (year 2)5. Construct HADI score to determine adherence to an optimised healthy diet for 65 years (year 3)6. Conduct longitudinal data analysis in nationally representative UK ageing cohorts to determine relations between HADI, nutritional status and healthy ageing (year 3-4)
英国人口正在迅速老龄化。到2025年,65岁以上的成年人数量将翻一番,达到1850万,其中85岁以上人口增长最快。一项关键的公共卫生挑战是确定有效的解决办法,以减少残疾和发病率,延长联合王国公民的健康寿命2。在这方面,充足的营养可以防止与年龄有关的身体和认知功能下降3,4,并预防心血管疾病等慢性疾病5。《Eatwell指南》提供了提供所需参考营养摄入量(RNI)的食物组建议,并在对环境影响较小的情况下促进整个英国人口的健康。然而,衰老与许多生理变化有关,如嗅觉功能和味觉的丧失,炎症和免疫反应的改变,身体组成的改变,胃排空的延迟,食欲调节的紊乱,导致食物偏好的改变和营养物质生物利用度的降低,这些都使老年人易患营养缺乏。Lovegrove等人最近报告了强有力的证据,支持在英国65岁的老年人中增加蛋白质、钙、叶酸和B12的RNI。因此,老年人的营养需求不同于年轻人,这一点在英国膳食指南中尚未得到充分考虑。在衰老过程中,其他值得关注的营养素包括钾、铁、锌、维生素A、维生素C、维生素E、维生素K、维生素B6和维生素D13的摄入量低于理想水平,以及过量的饱和脂肪、糖和钠。迫切需要确定营养充足的饮食建议,以实现晚年的最佳健康和福祉,并告知有针对性的农业食品创新,以帮助65岁以上的英国公民满足他们的营养需求。拟议的博士项目旨在通过以下方式解决这些差距:(i)结合证据审查、最先进的饮食建模技术和利益相关者参与,为英国老年人设计健康老龄化饮食(HADI);(二)评估HADI对营养摄入、营养状况和健康老龄化措施的影响。研究questions1。什么是实现老年人营养充足所需的最佳食物组合,并在与当前英国饮食偏差最小的情况下可行地实施?我们假设确定可接受的食物组合以最佳地满足英国老年人的营养需求是可行的。坚持优化健康老龄化饮食(HADI)与英国老年人营养状况之间的关系是什么?我们假设HADI将与足够的摄入和关注的关键营养素的状态有关。优化的HADI与身体和认知能力的变化以及慢性疾病风险有何关系?我们假设,更大程度的HADI依从性将与认知和功能下降速度减慢以及心血管疾病风险降低有关。完成老年人营养不良对健康影响的系统综述(1年级)2。利用国家食品消费数据应用饮食优化模型来定义《Eatwell指南》中所示食物组比例的最小饮食变化量,以满足65岁(1-2年级)成年人的营养需求3。使用这些模型来确定需要强化饮食的“问题”营养素,以满足老年人的营养需求(2年级)4。与老年消费者和农业食品行业利益相关者进行定性研究,以确定可接受的食品,这些食品可用于目标营养强化和产品创新(第2年)5。构建HADI评分以确定65年(第3年)对优化健康饮食的依从性6。在具有全国代表性的英国老龄化队列中进行纵向数据分析,以确定HADI,营养状况和健康老龄化之间的关系(第3-4年级)

项目成果

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其他文献

吉治仁志 他: "トランスジェニックマウスによるTIMP-1の線維化促進機序"最新医学. 55. 1781-1787 (2000)
Hitoshi Yoshiji 等:“转基因小鼠中 TIMP-1 的促纤维化机制”现代医学 55. 1781-1787 (2000)。
  • DOI:
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    0
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LiDAR Implementations for Autonomous Vehicle Applications
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2021
  • 期刊:
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    0
  • 作者:
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生命分子工学・海洋生命工学研究室
生物分子工程/海洋生物技术实验室
  • DOI:
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    0
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吉治仁志 他: "イラスト医学&サイエンスシリーズ血管の分子医学"羊土社(渋谷正史編). 125 (2000)
Hitoshi Yoshiji 等人:“血管医学与科学系列分子医学图解”Yodosha(涉谷正志编辑)125(2000)。
  • DOI:
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    0
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Effect of manidipine hydrochloride,a calcium antagonist,on isoproterenol-induced left ventricular hypertrophy: "Yoshiyama,M.,Takeuchi,K.,Kim,S.,Hanatani,A.,Omura,T.,Toda,I.,Akioka,K.,Teragaki,M.,Iwao,H.and Yoshikawa,J." Jpn Circ J. 62(1). 47-52 (1998)
钙拮抗剂盐酸马尼地平对异丙肾上腺素引起的左心室肥厚的影响:“Yoshiyama,M.,Takeuchi,K.,Kim,S.,Hanatani,A.,Omura,T.,Toda,I.,Akioka,
  • DOI:
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