Cancer Risks Attributable To Radiation from Pediatric CT

儿童 CT 辐射导致的癌症风险

基本信息

批准号：
7046059
负责人：
DAVID JONATHAN BRENNER
金额：
$ 22.75万
依托单位：
COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2003-05-01 至 2008-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7046059
关键词：
Internet body height body weight cancer risk child (0-11)clinical research computed axial tomography computer simulation human subject interview neoplasm /cancer radiodiagnosis pediatric neoplasm /cancer radiation related neoplasm /cancer radiobiology radiochemistry

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant):The use of CT has increased rapidly in the past decades. In the U.S. an estimated 11% of diagnostic radiological procedures are currently CTexams, but they contribute an estimated 67% to the collective dose from diagnostic radiology. About 11% of CT exams (about 2.7 million / year in the US) are estimated to be on children under 15. In comparison to adult CT, the combination of higher doses to children for a given exam technique, and the larger lifetime risks per unit dose which apply to children, result in lifetime cancer risks attributable to the radiation exposure from CT which are significantly higher in children than adults. For a given child, the benefits of CT almost always far outweigh the small individual risks, but there is room to reduce the population risk, by reducing pediatric CT exposure settings, and by a somewhat more selective use of pediatric CT. In terms of this population risk, an estimated 2.4 million CT exams / year are given to children in the U.S. and, of these individuats, a preliminary estimate is that about 1,100 will ultimately die from a cancer attributable to the radiation from that exam. It is proposed to use state-of-the art organ dose and risk estimation techniques to produce credible cancer risk estimates associated with pediatric CT, with associated uncertainties, and to present them in an easily accessible form for the radiologist, pediatrician, family physician, and the CT industry communities; this will be done for a wide variety of CT parameters, such as exam type, mAs, kV, filtration, slice thickness, and pitch, for axial and spiral modes, for the spectrum of pediatric body heights and weights. This information will be incorporated into a structured risk communication approach, separating problem appraisal (physicians must first believe the problem is relevant to their patients), and new strategy appraisal (will it work? can I do it? what is the downside?). One central approach within this structure will be a website, in which the material is presented in easily accessible form; both problem appraisal and new strategy appraisal will be the framework. The target audiences will be radiologists, pediatricians, family physicians, and the CT industry. We will use telephone interviews supplemented with survey questions, to aid in web content decisions.

描述（由申请人提供）：在过去的几十年中，CT的使用迅速增加。在美国，目前估计有11％的诊断放射程序是CTEXAM，但估计对诊断放射学的集体剂量估计贡献了67％。据估计，约有11％的CT考试（在美国大约270万次 /年）估计为15岁以下的儿童。与成人CT相比，给定检查技术的儿童更高剂量的组合以及适用于儿童的单位剂量的寿命更大，导致终身癌症风险可引起与成人相比的CT造成的癌症风险。对于一个给定的孩子来说，CT的好处几乎总是远远超过了很小的个人风险，但是通过减少小儿CT暴露环境以及通过更具选择性的儿科CT的方式来降低人口风险的空间。就这种人口风险而言，估计对美国儿童进行了约240万次CT考试，并且在这些个人中，初步估计是，大约有1,100人最终将死于该考试的辐射。有人建议使用最先进的器官剂量和风险估计技术来生产与儿科CT相关的可靠癌症风险估计，并与相关的不确定性相关，并以易于访问的形式为放射科医生，儿科医生，家庭医生以及CT行业社区提供易于访问的形式；这将用于多种CT参数，例如考试类型，MAS，KV，过滤，切片厚度和螺距，用于轴向和螺旋模式，用于小儿身体高度和重量的光谱。这些信息将被纳入结构化的风险沟通方法中，将问题评估分开（医师必须首先认为问题与患者有关）和新的战略评估（它可以起作用吗？我可以这样做吗？缺点是什么？）。该结构中的一种中心方法将是一个网站，其中材料以易于访问的形式呈现；问题评估和新战略评估都将成为框架。目标受众将是放射科医生，儿科医生，家庭医生和CT行业。我们将使用补充调查问题的电话访谈，以帮助进行Web内容决策。