Fruit and Vegetables Within the Current Food Production System and Health
当前粮食生产体系中的水果和蔬菜与健康
基本信息
- 批准号:2669417
- 负责人:
- 金额:--
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Studentship
- 财政年份:2022
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2022 至 无数据
- 项目状态:未结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Globally, the message of fruit and vegetables or of '5 a Day' is one of the most widely promoted dietary recommendations. Beyond this, increased fruit and vegetable (FV) intake has been associated with optimal health and with reduced risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease. However, assessing dietary FV intake is compounded by many challenges. A chief challenge relates to how information about FV intake is calculated. Traditional methods used to measure dietary intakes of FV often suffer from over-reporting, whereby participants exaggerate or artificially inflate their intakes.Recently, evidence has also suggested that the dietary method itself can influence resultant intakes. Objective novel biomarker methods may better allow the accurate assessment of usual dietary intake and relate this intake to health outcomes.In parallel, FV are often viewed only in terms of their nutrient value rather than the totality of compounds they may contain (including bioactives or pesticide residues). There is little holistic research focusing on a food matrix effect within FV and disaggregated data on the quantities of such non-nutrients present. A final translator challenge relates to how populations behave when asked to increase FV intake. Little is known about what other dietary changes people make when increasing FV intake and whether, to some extent, these concurrent changes also contribute to the known health improvement.A series of analyses will be conducted which will address some areas of uncertainty in the area of fruit and vegetables, dietary biomarkers and health research. Therefore, this PhD will explore:1) Can measurement of targeted biomarkers help improve the dietary assessment of FV intake? (Statistical analysis of already analysed biomarker data)2) What is the current bioactive and pesticide content of FV currently being consumed by UK populations, including consideration of effect of cultivar, storage and processing? (Systematic review and new food-based analysis)3) What is the likely impact of differences in bioactives and pesticides observed in (2) on intake levels and health outcomes? (Modelling of pooled FV intervention studies using data from (2))4) When people are asked to increase FV intake what changes do they make and how does this increased FV intake affect other food choices? (Statistical analysis of pooled FV dietary intervention studies)Researchers in the Institute for Global Food Security (School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Public Health) at QUB and the Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition in Reading have conducted a series of controlled dietary intervention studies where the effects of increased FV intake on a range of health outcomes have been tested and rigorous dietary records recorded. This is a rich resource which has been under-utilised to date. It is complimented by a recently completed dietary assessment method validation study, conducted with a focus on FV intake (n=100). Researchers at AFBI have gathered considerable data and experience of quantifying bioactive concentrations in FV. Collectively this provides a unique resource to characterise the impact of increasing FV intake on biomarker expression, on dietary exposures to both positive and negative attributes and on dietary patterns.The project will utilise already-collected data (other than targeted bioactive quantification), to address a number of research questions highly relevant to our understanding of the link between fruit and vegetable intake and human health outcomes. It will be supervised by two nutrition researchers with an excellent track record in fruit and vegetable and health research, a third supervisor with strong expertise in dietary exposure assessments and dietary pattern analysis and a fourth supervisor, a chemical analyst, who specialises in bioactive and pesticide residue assessment, with a specific focus on FV.
在全球范围内,水果和蔬菜或“每天5个”的信息是最广泛推广的饮食建议之一。除此之外,增加水果和蔬菜(FV)的摄入量与最佳健康状况以及降低心血管疾病等慢性疾病的风险有关。然而,评估膳食FV摄入量面临许多挑战。一个主要的挑战涉及如何计算有关FV摄入量的信息。传统的测量膳食摄入FV的方法往往存在过度报告的问题,即参与者夸大或人为夸大其摄入量。最近,有证据表明,膳食方法本身也会影响最终的摄入量。目的新的生物标志物方法可以更好地准确评估日常饮食摄入量,并将此摄入量与健康结果联系起来。同时,FV通常仅根据其营养价值而不是其可能含有的化合物的总量(包括生物活性物质或农药残留)来看待。有很少的整体研究集中在FV内的食物基质效应和分类数据的数量,这些非营养素存在。最后一个翻译挑战涉及当被要求增加FV摄入量时人群的行为。人们在增加FV摄入量时会发生哪些其他饮食变化,以及这些同时发生的变化在某种程度上是否也有助于改善已知的健康状况,目前还知之甚少。将进行一系列分析,以解决水果和蔬菜、饮食生物标志物和健康研究领域的一些不确定性。因此,本博士将探讨:1)目标生物标志物的测量是否有助于改善FV摄入量的饮食评估?(已分析的生物标志物数据的统计分析)2)英国人群目前食用的FV的生物活性和农药含量是多少,包括考虑栽培品种、储存和加工的影响?(系统综述和新的基于食物的分析)3)在(2)中观察到的生物活性物质和农药的差异对摄入水平和健康结果可能产生什么影响?(使用来自(2)的数据对合并的FV干预研究进行建模)4)当人们被要求增加FV摄入量时,他们会做出什么改变,增加的FV摄入量如何影响其他食物的选择?(汇总FV饮食干预研究的统计分析)QUB全球食品安全研究所(生物科学学院和公共卫生中心)和阅读人类营养Hugh Sinclair单位的研究人员进行了一系列对照饮食干预研究,其中增加FV摄入量对一系列健康结果的影响已经过测试,并记录了严格的饮食记录。这是一种丰富的资源,但迄今为止尚未得到充分利用。最近完成的一项饮食评估方法验证研究补充了这一点,该研究重点关注FV摄入量(n=100)。AFBI的研究人员已经收集了大量的数据和经验来量化FV中的生物活性浓度。总的来说,这提供了一个独特的资源,以验证增加FV摄入量对生物标志物表达的影响,对饮食暴露的积极和消极的属性和饮食模式。该项目将利用已经收集的数据(而不是有针对性的生物活性量化),以解决一些研究问题高度相关的水果和蔬菜摄入量和人类健康结果之间的联系,我们的理解。它将由两名营养研究人员监督,他们在水果和蔬菜以及健康研究方面有着出色的记录,第三名主管在饮食暴露评估和饮食模式分析方面具有很强的专业知识,第四名主管是化学分析师,专门从事生物活性和农药残留评估,特别关注FV。
项目成果
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其他文献
吉治仁志 他: "トランスジェニックマウスによるTIMP-1の線維化促進機序"最新医学. 55. 1781-1787 (2000)
Hitoshi Yoshiji 等:“转基因小鼠中 TIMP-1 的促纤维化机制”现代医学 55. 1781-1787 (2000)。
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LiDAR Implementations for Autonomous Vehicle Applications
- DOI:
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2021 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
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吉治仁志 他: "イラスト医学&サイエンスシリーズ血管の分子医学"羊土社(渋谷正史編). 125 (2000)
Hitoshi Yoshiji 等人:“血管医学与科学系列分子医学图解”Yodosha(涉谷正志编辑)125(2000)。
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Effect of manidipine hydrochloride,a calcium antagonist,on isoproterenol-induced left ventricular hypertrophy: "Yoshiyama,M.,Takeuchi,K.,Kim,S.,Hanatani,A.,Omura,T.,Toda,I.,Akioka,K.,Teragaki,M.,Iwao,H.and Yoshikawa,J." Jpn Circ J. 62(1). 47-52 (1998)
钙拮抗剂盐酸马尼地平对异丙肾上腺素引起的左心室肥厚的影响:“Yoshiyama,M.,Takeuchi,K.,Kim,S.,Hanatani,A.,Omura,T.,Toda,I.,Akioka,
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