Provide a clear and indicative title for your proposed research: it is essential that your title is concise and contains some key words that indicate

为您提出的研究提供一个清晰且具有指示性的标题：您的标题必须简洁并包含一些表明研究方向的关键词

• 批准号: 2713093
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Edinburgh
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2713093
• 关键词: Provide; clear; indicative; title; your

A growing body of research suggests that pets have beneficial effects on children's socioemotional health, including quality of life and self-esteem (Purewal et al., 2017). However, in relation to anxiety/depression symptomatology, literature is surprisingly sparse and reveals conflicting findings. Importantly, the relationship with a pet appears more influential than ownership alone for psychological health. Most adolescents self-report strong attachments to pets (Hawkins et al., 2017); indeed, when understood within attachment theory, there can be features of secure attachment in child-pet relationships that have similarities to human-human attachments (Carr & Rockett, 2017). Pets may also directly confer benefits through provision of companionship or emotional reciprocity (Muldoon et al., 2019) or via physiological mechanisms (Beetz et al., 2012); indirectly, pets might act as 'social lubricants' (Wood et al., 2015). Despite this, the impact of pet attachment on mental health has hardly been explored in the literature. In particular, there is no published literature using qualitative methodology to explore adolescents' experiences in this area. Further research is required to understand how multispecies attachment relationships within the family system together influence adolescents' mental health. This unique project will therefore address this gap, targeting early adolescence (11-14 years). The project aims to investigate the role that pets play in adolescents' experiences of anxiety/depression, using quantitative and qualitative methods. The following research questions will be addressed: What associations are there between pet ownership, pet attachment and self-reported anxiety/depression symptomatology in early adolescence, and what underlying mechanisms explain these associations? What are early adolescents' lived experiences of the role that pets play in day-to-day lives with anxiety/depression symptomatology? The design will involve two phases and the sample will consist of 1st/2nd year secondary school pupils. Participants will provide demographic information and complete two questionnaires on each of: anxiety/depression symptomatology, pet attachment and social support. Quantitative analysis will investigate relationships between pet attachment and anxiety/depression symptomatology while controlling for potentially confounding demographic/social variables. Mediation/moderation analyses will investigate indirect mechanisms and potential moderating variables. The purpose of this phase is two-fold; to provide data to answer research question one, and to facilitate selection of phase two participants. Phase two will have two parts and will be conducted with a subsample of participants. Participants will be selected from those who self-report current pet ownership, clinically significant depression/anxiety symptomatology and above-average pet attachment during phase one. First, semi-structured interviews will be conducted using a framework of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis to allow exploration of lived experiences. Interviews will explore: participants' relationships with pets; day-to-day anxiety/depression experiences and the role/meaning of pets within this, including during COVID-19 and within the family system; and coping/support. Subsequently, interview participants will be invited to document everyday interactions with their pets in the family environment using multimedia digital diaries (narratives, films and/or photos) as an innovative means of implementing photovoice (Volpe, 2018). These representations of participants' relationships with pets will facilitate understanding of patterns within multispecies attachments in the family system that have a role in anxiety/depression symptomatology. The purpose of phase two is therefore to utilise mixed qualitative methods to explore research question two

越来越多的研究表明，宠物对儿童的社会情感健康有有益的影响，包括生活质量和自尊（Purewal等人，2017年）。然而，关于焦虑/抑郁症的病理学，文献是令人惊讶的稀少，并揭示了相互矛盾的结果。 重要的是，与宠物的关系似乎比单独拥有宠物对心理健康更有影响力。大多数青少年自我报告对宠物的强烈依恋（霍金斯等人，2017年）;事实上，当在依恋理论中理解时，儿童-宠物关系中的安全依恋特征可能与人类-人类依恋相似（卡尔& Rockett，2017）。宠物还可以通过提供陪伴或情感互惠来直接赋予益处（Muldoon等人，2019）或通过生理机制（比茨等人，2012）;间接地，宠物可能充当“社会润滑剂”（Wood et al.，2015年）的报告。尽管如此，宠物依恋对心理健康的影响在文献中几乎没有被探讨过。特别是，没有发表文献使用定性方法探讨青少年在这方面的经验。需要进一步的研究来了解家庭系统中的多物种依恋关系如何共同影响青少年的心理健康。 因此，这一独特的项目将针对青少年早期（11-14岁）解决这一差距。该项目旨在调查宠物在青少年焦虑/抑郁经历中的作用，使用定量和定性方法。以下研究问题将得到解决：宠物所有权，宠物依恋和自我报告的焦虑/抑郁症在青春期早期，以及什么样的潜在机制解释这些协会之间有什么联系？早期青少年对宠物在日常生活中所扮演的角色有什么样的生活经历？ 设计将分两个阶段进行，样本将包括中学一、二年级学生。参与者将提供人口统计学信息，并完成两份问卷，每一个：焦虑/抑郁情绪，宠物依恋和社会支持。定量分析将调查宠物依恋和焦虑/抑郁症之间的关系，同时控制潜在的混杂人口统计学/社会变量。中介/调节分析将调查间接机制和潜在的调节变量。这一阶段的目的有两个方面：提供数据回答研究问题一，并促进第二阶段参与者的选择。 第二阶段将有两个部分，并将与参与者的子样本进行。参与者将从第一阶段期间自我报告当前宠物所有权，临床显著抑郁/焦虑情绪和高于平均水平的宠物依恋的人中选择。首先，半结构化访谈将使用解释现象学分析的框架进行，以允许生活经验的探索。访谈将探讨：参与者与宠物的关系;日常焦虑/抑郁经历以及宠物在其中的作用/意义，包括在COVID-19期间和家庭系统中;以及应对/支持。随后，面试参与者将被邀请使用多媒体数字日记（叙述，电影和/或照片）记录家庭环境中与宠物的日常互动，作为实施photovoice的创新手段（Volpe，2018）。参与者与宠物关系的这些表征将有助于理解家庭系统中多物种依恋的模式，这些模式在焦虑/抑郁心理学中发挥作用。因此，第二阶段的目的是利用混合定性方法来探索研究问题二