Functional Anatomy of Appetitive & Aversive Conditioning

食欲的功能解剖

• 批准号: 7098028
• 负责人: MICHAEL A MCDANNALD
• 金额: $ 3.79万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-07-01 至 2008-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7098028
• 关键词: amygdala; association learning; behavioral /social science research tag; conditioning; confocal scanning microscopy; fluorescent in situ hybridization; goal oriented behavior; laboratory rat; learning; motivation; neural information processing; neurogenetics; neuropsychology; nucleus accumbens; predoctoral investigator; regulatory gene; reinforcer

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recent descriptions of both human and animal behavior emphasize its goal-directed nature. Goals can be naturally occurring or learned events. That is, learning can transform a neutral event into one with motivational value, an event for which an animal will work to obtain or avoid. This process can be adaptive, freeing behavior from exclusive control by natural events, or maladaptive, leading to behaviors such as relapse in drug seeking. Despite its importance in both advantageous and aberrant behavior, knowledge of the conditions under which motivational value is acquired and the neural mechanisms that underlie this process remain poorly understood. Examination of both excitatory and inhibitory learning in concurrent appetitive and aversive conditioning procedures will extend knowledge of the conditions under which motivational value is acquired. Differential processing of appetitive and aversive events by single neurons will be provided using the immediate early genes Arc and H1a. The combination of behavioral and neural precision provided in this application will result in a better understanding of the neural circuitry that underlies the acquisition of motivational value through associative learning.

描述（由申请人提供）：最近对人类和动物行为的描述都强调其目标导向的性质。目标可以是自然发生的，也可以是后天习得的。也就是说，学习可以将一个中性的事件转变为一个具有激励价值的事件，一个动物将努力获得或避免的事件。这个过程可以是适应性的，将行为从自然事件的独家控制中解放出来，也可以是适应性不良的，导致诸如药物寻求复发之类的行为。尽管它在有利行为和异常行为中都很重要，但对动机价值获得的条件和这一过程背后的神经机制的了解仍然很少。对同时发生的食欲和厌恶条件反射过程中的兴奋性和抑制性学习的考察，将扩展对动机价值获得条件的认识。单个神经元对食欲和厌恶事件的差异处理将使用直接早期基因Arc和H1a。在本应用中提供的行为和神经精度的结合将导致更好地理解通过联想学习获得动机价值的神经回路。