Functional Anatomy of Appetitive & Aversive Conditioning

食欲的功能解剖

• 批准号: 6997657
• 负责人: MICHAEL A MCDANNALD
• 金额: $ 3.79万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-07-01 至 2008-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6997657
• 关键词: amygdala; association learning; behavioral /social science research tag; conditioning; confocal scanning microscopy; fluorescent in situ hybridization; goal oriented behavior; laboratory rat; learning; motivation; neural information processing; neurogenetics; neuropsychology; nucleus accumbens; predoctoral investigator; regulatory gene; reinforcer

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recent descriptions of both human and animal behavior emphasize its goal-directed nature. Goals can be naturally occurring or learned events. That is, learning can transform a neutral event into one with motivational value, an event for which an animal will work to obtain or avoid. This process can be adaptive, freeing behavior from exclusive control by natural events, or maladaptive, leading to behaviors such as relapse in drug seeking. Despite its importance in both advantageous and aberrant behavior, knowledge of the conditions under which motivational value is acquired and the neural mechanisms that underlie this process remain poorly understood. Examination of both excitatory and inhibitory learning in concurrent appetitive and aversive conditioning procedures will extend knowledge of the conditions under which motivational value is acquired. Differential processing of appetitive and aversive events by single neurons will be provided using the immediate early genes Arc and H1a. The combination of behavioral and neural precision provided in this application will result in a better understanding of the neural circuitry that underlies the acquisition of motivational value through associative learning.

描述（由申请人提供）：对人类和动物行为的最新描述强调了其目标定向性质。目标可以是自然发生的或学习的事件。也就是说，学习可以将中性事件转变为具有动机价值的事件，该事件将为动物努力获得或避免。这个过程可以是适应性的，可以使行为摆脱自然事件的独家控制或适应不良的障碍，从而导致诸如寻求药物复发等行为。尽管在有利的行为和异常行为上都重要，但对获得动机价值的条件以及该过程基础的神经机制的了解仍然不足。在同时开胃和厌恶条件程序中检查兴奋性和抑制性学习，将扩大对获得动机价值的条件的了解。使用直接的早期基因弧和H1A，将提供单个神经元对食欲和厌恶事件的差异处理。本应用程序中提供的行为和神经精度的结合将使人们更好地理解神经回路，这是通过关联学习获得动机价值的基础的。