Control of Watercraft Carbon Monoxide Emissions

描述(申请人提供)：这项研究的目标是确定一种新的催化技术的技术和经济可行性，以大幅减少船舶推进和船上发电机发动机的一氧化碳(CO)排放。划船在美国是一项受欢迎且日益增长的娱乐活动。政府和行业统计数据显示，在与划船相关的活动中，一氧化碳中毒的发生率高得惊人，而且增长迅速。船只上的一氧化碳有两个主要来源：推进发动机和发电机。以汽车尾气催化转化器为代表的当前发动机尾气处理技术，不能达到所需的尾气CO减排要求，在船用发动机的典型条件下也不能有效地发挥作用。提出了一种新的催化剂技术，该技术将CO的吸附位置与氧的吸附位置分开，从而在废气中CO浓度极高的情况下实现极高的破坏效率。这两个属性是该健康应用程序所独有的。拟议的催化技术将显示出比目前催化剂高出数量级的CO破坏活性，使其能够在船用发动机的典型条件下达到目标尾气CO水平。第一阶段计划由三项任务组成。第一项任务是制备新的催化剂组合物，这些组合物针对航海服务进行了优化。在第二项任务中，这些实验催化剂在流动反应器中进行评估，该反应器旨在破坏模拟船用发动机废气中的CO，包括活性和失活稳定性测试。第三项任务是对新技术进行设计和经济研究，以评估其与替代技术相比的经济可行性。商业产品将是一种专门为海洋应用设计的催化转化器，满足CO破坏效率、废气成分、尺寸和工作温度的限制。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The objective of this research is to establish the technical and economic feasibility of a novel catalytic technology to substantially reduce carbon monoxide (CO) emissions from engines for boat propulsion and on-board electrical generators. Boating is a popular and growing recreational activity in the United States. Government and industry statistics have shown a surprisingly high and rapidly growing incidence of carbon monoxide poisoning in boating-related activities. Carbon monoxide on boats has two primary sources; propulsion engines and electrical generators. Current engine exhaust treatment technology, typified by automobile exhaust catalytic converters, cannot achieve the exhaust CO reductions required and do not function effectively at conditions typical of marine engines. A novel catalyst technology is proposed which separates the adsorption sites for CO from those where oxygen is adsorbed, allowing extremely high destruction efficiency with extremely high exhaust gas CO concentrations. These two attributes are unique to this health application. The proposed catalytic technology will exhibit CO destruction activity orders of magnitude higher than current catalysts, allowing it to achieve target exhaust CO levels under conditions typical of marine engines. The Phase I program consists of three tasks. The first task is designed to prepare new catalyst compositions which are optimized for marine service. In the second task, these experimental catalysts are evaluated in flow reactors designed to destroy CO in a simulated marine engine exhaust gas, including tests for activity and stability against deactivation. The third task provides design and economic studies of the new technology to assess its economic feasibility compared to alternatives. The commercial product will be a catalytic converter designed specifically for marine applications, meeting constraints of CO destruction efficiency, exhaust gas composition, size and operating temperature.