A Novel Needle-based X-ray System

描述(由申请人提供)： 该项目的主要目标是设计、制造和实验研究毛细X射线光学作为提高针基X射线系统产生的辐射剂量率的一种手段的应用。目标是在距离假靶5毫米的地方达到10GY/小时的剂量率。另一个目标是应用毛细X射线光学来创造一种高强度的X射线源，它可以产生窄的(直径小于1.0 mm)准平行的X射线束，可能用于神经外科。所提供的X射线系统基于可插入的针状X射线源，利用该可插入针状X射线源可以控制诸如(能量)、强度(传递时间)和光束取向(曝光区域)的X射线束特性。为了实现项目I的目标，我们将：(1)设计、建造和测试毛细X射线透镜，(2)将毛细透镜安装在光学准直器中，(3)将准直器集成到基于针的X射线系统原型中，(3)利用蒙特卡罗模拟计算来自伪靶的X射线剂量分布，(4)开展实验来表征伪靶产生的辐射的剂量和剂量率分布，以及(5)测量尖锐聚焦的X射线束在组织模拟材料中的散射。 该项目的第二阶段将致力于建立一个扩展的能量范围(8keV-60keV)、高剂量率的X射线系统，其中包括新的X射线聚焦/准直光学装置。将开发针状X射线设备的治疗计划系统。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The main objective of this project is to design, fabricate and experimentally research the application of capillary x-ray optics as a means of elevating the dose rate of the radiation produced by a needle-based x-ray system. The goal is to reach the dose rate of 10 Gy/hour at a distance 5 mm from the pseudo-target. The other objective is to apply capillary x-ray optics to creating a high intensity x-ray source that can produce a narrow (diameter lesser than 1.0 ram) quasi-parallel x-ray beam for possible usage in neurosurgery. The offered x-ray system is based on an insertable needle x-ray source with which the x-ray beam properties such as (energy), intensity (delivery time), and beam orientation (exposure region) could be controlled. To achieve the aims of the project I, we will: (1) design, build and test a capillary x-ray lens, (2) incorporate the capillary lens into an optical collimator, (3) integrate the collimator into a prototype needle-based x-ray system; (3) perform calculations of x-ray dose distribution from the pseudo-target using Monte-Carlo simulation; (4) carry out experiments to characterize dose and dose rate distribution of the radiation produced by the pseudo-target, and (5) measure scattering of a sharply focused x-ray beam in tissue imitating materials. Phase II of the project will be devoted to building an extended energy range (8keV-60 keV), high dose rate x-ray system incorporating new x-ray focusing/collimating optics. A treatment planning system for the needle x-ray device will be developed.