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Age-related changes in the visual, oculomotor, and cognitive mechanisms underlying reading

阅读背后的视觉、动眼神经和认知机制与年龄相关的变化

基本信息

批准号：
2737196
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Leicester
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2022 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2737196
关键词：
Age related changes visual oculomotor

项目摘要

Reading is a skill that is fundamentally important for individuals to actively and successfully participate in everyday life. Reading is also a complex cognitive and visual task, which necessitates the accurate programming and execution of eyemovements, rapid identification of intricate visual patterns, and swift integration of individual letters and words to build a cohesive understanding of a text. Determining how reading changes during healthy, normative older age, including in response to typical age-related changes in cognition and vision, is fundamental to efforts toensure that individuals read successfully across the lifespan.Previous research has shown that reading is slower in older adults (aged 65+ years) than young adults (aged 18-35 years) and that the eye movements of older readers differ from those of other groups of slower readers (e.g. less skilled young adult readers, readers with dyslexia). This indicates that there are distinctive age-related changes in the processes underlying reading. Multiple contributing factors to such changes have been established, including visual declines and slowdowns in the identification of words.To date the focus of research examining age-related changes in eye movement behaviour during reading has been on the "young-old", i.e. those aged 65-79 years. Relatively few "older-old" readers (aged 80+ years) have been included in previous studies, and to date no studies have sought to compare young-old and older-old readers. This is despite evidence that cognitive, visual, oculomotor, and language abilities continue to change throughout older age. Determining how the cognitive mechanisms underlying reading change during normative older-old age will provide a much more comprehensive understanding of age-related changes in reading.

阅读是一种技能，对于个人积极和成功地参与日常生活至关重要。阅读也是一项复杂的认知和视觉任务，它需要准确的编程和执行眼球运动，快速识别复杂的视觉模式，以及快速整合单个字母和单词，以建立对文本的连贯理解。确定阅读如何在健康、规范的老年期间发生变化，包括对认知和视觉中典型的年龄相关变化的反应，是确保人们在一生中成功阅读的基础。先前的研究表明，老年人的阅读速度较慢（65岁以上）（18-35岁），年龄较大的读者的眼球运动与其他阅读速度较慢的读者群体不同（例如，技能较低的年轻成人读者，有阅读障碍的读者）。这表明，在阅读的基础过程中存在着明显的年龄相关变化。导致这种变化的因素很多，包括视力下降和识别单词的速度减慢。迄今为止，研究阅读过程中眼动行为与年龄相关的变化的研究重点是“老年人”，即65-79岁的人。在以前的研究中，相对较少的“老年”读者（80岁以上）被纳入，迄今为止，还没有研究试图比较老年读者和老年读者。尽管有证据表明，认知，视觉，视力和语言能力在整个老年期间继续变化。确定阅读的认知机制如何在正常的老年-老年年龄的变化将提供一个更全面的理解与年龄相关的阅读的变化。