Life Cycle Assessment of Metal Organic Frameworks

金属有机框架的生命周期评估

• 批准号: 2742614
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Nottingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2742614
• 关键词: Life; Cycle; Assessment; Metal; Organic

With the increasing need to reduce carbon emissions into the atmosphere, removal of carbon dioxide in flue gas from power plants is being highlighted as a major factor towards this goal. In March 2023, the UK government announced funding for 8 projects across 2 clusters focussing on Carbon Capture and Storage technologies. The current predominant technology is amine solvents, which binds with the CO2 to isolate it from the flue gas, which can then be removed through a reversible reaction to allow the CO2 to be stored safely and the amines to be used again. However, this regeneration of the solvent is highly energy intensive, and the degradation of amines releases waste products that are harmful to the environment.An alternative technology that has been gaining greater exposure in recent years are MOFs (metal organic frameworks), which are regular cage-like structures of metal ions and organic linkers which trap CO2, and can then be emptied for storage and the MOF used again. Based on the current TRL for this technology, it is still much more expensive than amines, but as costs come down, it is being seen as the most viable option to replace amines. The regeneration energy is much lower, and there is very little waste product that is harmful to the environment, with the possibility of being completely recyclable.As MOFs are still relatively new, there is little research to corroborate these claims, so this project will involve mapping the life-cycle of MOFs, from their initial manufacture to their use, and finally to their disposal or recycling into new MOF materials, to allow an effective comparison of the reduction in harmful environmental impacts and greater energy efficiency of the technology compared to current market equivalents.This will be done by conducting an LCA (life-cycle assessment), a standardised method for assessing a product or service from the acquisition of raw materials through to disposal, laying out the working process in 4 main stages (goal and scope, inventory, impact assessment, interpretation) that can then be used to track the mass quantities, energy balances and environmental impacts of that product or service over its complete life cycle. There are only 2 such studies for MOF CC and for only specific materials and manufacturing processes, so creating a complete and detailed model that can be applied to numerous MOFs would be beneficial. From here, the model will be expanded to include more processes and details, as well as being converted to a larger, industry-scale model.There are also a number of factors which affect the long-term use of MOFs which need to be tested and analysed. The two main parameters for use of MOFs are temperature and pressure, since the MOF must be heated to roughly 100oC to perform adsorption, and the CO2 is removed by applying a vacuum to the material. As such, the physical degradation of MOF against these factors needs to be studied, to determine the length of time the material can be used for effectively before requiring disposal or recycling. Rigs are being designed and tested to validate temperature and/or pressure swing to determine how robust each MOF is during prolonged use.

随着减少向大气中的碳排放的需求的增加，从发电厂去除烟道气中的二氧化碳被强调为实现这一目标的主要因素。2023年3月，英国政府宣布资助2个集群的8个项目，专注于碳捕集和封存技术。目前的主要技术是胺溶剂，它与CO2结合以将其从烟道气中分离出来，然后可以通过可逆反应将其去除，以使CO2安全储存并再次使用胺。然而，这种溶剂的再生是高能量密集型的，并且胺的降解会释放出对环境有害的废物。近年来，一种替代技术是金属有机框架（MOF），它是金属离子和有机连接体的规则笼状结构，可以捕获CO2，然后可以清空储存并再次使用MOF。根据该技术目前的TRL，它仍然比胺贵得多，但随着成本的下降，它被视为取代胺的最可行的选择。由于MOFs还相对较新，几乎没有研究可以证实这些说法，因此该项目将涉及绘制MOFs的生命周期，从最初的制造到使用，最后到处置或回收为新的MOFs材料，与目前市场上的同类产品相比，可以有效地比较该技术对环境有害影响的减少程度和更高的能源效率。这将通过进行生命周期评估来实现（生命周期评估），一种标准化的方法，用于评估产品或服务从原材料的获取到处置的过程，将工作流程分为4个主要阶段（目标和范围、清单、影响评估、解释），然后可用于跟踪该产品或服务在其整个生命周期内的质量、能量平衡和环境影响。目前只有2项针对MOF CC和特定材料和制造工艺的此类研究，因此创建一个可应用于众多MOF的完整详细模型将是有益的。在此基础上，该模型将进一步扩展，以包括更多的工艺和细节，并转换为更大的行业规模模型。还有一些影响MOFs长期使用的因素需要进行测试和分析。使用MOF的两个主要参数是温度和压力，因为MOF必须加热到大约100 ℃才能进行吸附，并且通过对材料施加真空来去除CO2。因此，需要研究MOF对这些因素的物理降解，以确定材料在需要处置或回收之前可以有效使用的时间长度。钻机正在设计和测试，以验证温度和/或压力摆动，以确定每个MOF在长期使用期间的耐用性。