New synthetic routes for the preparation of chalcogenide perovskite materials

光伏电池是通过“太阳能吸收剂”将光转化为电的设备，该材料吸收光子并将其转化为激发电荷，从而产生电力。铅基钙钛矿（例如MAPbI 3）是最新和最有前途的吸收剂之一：它们具有高效率，易于制造，并且基于丰富和廉价的材料，即使它们在空气中的稳定性差。存在许多其它类型的钙钛矿，目前，正在探索该家族树的几个分支，以克服影响铅的稳定性问题，的钙钛矿，并探索新的组合物和不同的应用。硫系钙钛矿（例如BaZrS3）由于其用作光子吸收剂而具有吸引人的特征，但是由于高温加工要求而难以合成，特别是难以合成为薄膜。本项目将探索制备硫属钙钛矿的新的和替代的合成路线，并以薄膜形式存款这些材料。在块状和薄膜中制造硫属钙钛矿将允许彻底表征光电特性和这些材料在光伏器件中的实施。为了实现这一目标，将采用不同的技术，但特别相关的是不需要溶剂的“干法”。重要的是，这将允许开发一种制备材料和器件的绿色、无溶剂的方法，其中光伏技术的环境影响甚至更低。

Photovoltaic cells are devices that transform light in electricity through a "solar absorber", the material that absorbs photons and transforms it into excited charges, generating electricity. Lead-based perovskites (e.g. MAPbI3) are one of the newest and most promising absorbers: they have high efficiency, are easy to make and based on abundant and cheap materials, even if they suffer poor stability in air.Many other types of perovskites exist, and currently several branches of that family tree are being explored both to overcome stability issues affecting lead-based perovskites and to explore new compositions and different applications. Chalcogenide perovskites (e.g. BaZrS3) have attractive features for their use as photon absorbers, but are difficult to synthesize, especially as thin-films, due high temperature processing requirements. This project will explore new and alternative synthetic routes for the preparation of chalcogenide perovskites and deposit these materials in thin-film form. Fabricating chalcogenide perovskites in both bulk and thin-films will allow thorough characterization of the optoelectronic properties and the implementation of these materials in photovoltaic devices. To achieve this goal, different techniques will be employed, but particular relevance will be given to "dry methods" that do not require solvents. Importantly, this will allow to develop a green, solvent-free method of preparation of materials and devices, with even lower environmental impact of the photovoltaic technology.