The Private Made Public - A Connective &Comparative History of the Liebermann-Villa &the Zorn House

虽然在1998年华盛顿会议之后，有关第二次世界大战的起源研究取得了进展，但大多数研究重点都集中在公共机构上。然而，公共机构并不是受二战暴行影响的唯一行为者，也不是塑造文化遗产格局的唯一行为者。因此，现在是时候把我们的努力转向私人行为者和犹太乡村住宅了。“私人是公共的”项目的核心是这样一个信念，即进行比较研究非常重要，重点是文化行为者如何进行起源研究，为什么他们发起这些项目，以及结果是什么，以获得更好的理解。可能的研究问题是：是什么激励私人行为者激发起源研究项目？私营行为者的来源研究项目是如何实施的？私人行为者的来源研究项目产生了什么影响？“私人是公共的”项目将适用于国家和跨国层面的调查，因为犹太乡村别墅在世界各地都有，并根据其特定的背景而定。重点将放在三个国家：英国、德国和瑞典。选择这些国家主要有两个原因：1)它们在二战中的个人历史地位(一个轴心国、一个盟国和一个中立国家)和它们与二战后事件的独特联系，可以通过私人行为者发起的起源研究项目的镜头来研究，以及这些项目对私人行为者的历史、对大屠杀的公众记忆和二战遗留下来的影响；2)这三个国家在实施起源研究方面也有不同的观点。如前所述，大多数与起源研究有关的学术贡献都集中在公共机构。因此，一项主要关注私人演员的研究处于学术追求的前沿。对选定的三个国家进行一项比较研究是基于初步研究的，这是独一无二的--很可能是此类研究的第一次。这项研究有可能对具体的私人行为者有更深入的了解，并在国家和跨国层面上产生更好的理解。众所周知，二战期间掠夺的物品散落在世界各地。因此，非常重要的是，比较由私营行为者在跨国范围内开展的产地研究项目的不同层面的知识，因为它有可能为国际产地研究提供新的见解。该项目将是跨学科的，并采用学科、方法和来源的组合。理论框架将主要从历史学、艺术史和文化科学的学术领域获得，例如遗产研究、犹太人和二战研究以及批判性起源研究。该方法将结合定性技术，主要是半结构化访谈、案例研究和比较分析。这项研究将有国家和跨国层面的调查。这项研究将使用广泛的来源，如采访，档案，博物馆记录，纳粹掠夺艺术的开创性著作，二战遗产，等等。这个项目的跨学科性质部分是基于这样一个事实，即起源研究本身就是跨学科的，因此需要一个灵活和多方面的框架。“私人是公共的”是由AHRC资助的由格林教授领导的“犹太乡村别墅”项目的一部分，部分研究将在利伯曼别墅进行，由瓦森施泰纳博士(第三帝国起源研究和英德文化关系领域的专家)监督。初步的论文结构可根据要求提供。

While progress has been made concerning provenance research in connection to WWII following the 1998 Washington Conference, the majority of the research focus has been on public institutions. Public institutions are not, however, the only actor affected by the atrocities of WWII, nor the only actor that has shaped the cultural heritage landscape. It is therefore high time to turn our efforts towards private actors and Jewish Country Houses. The "The Private is Public" project centres around the belief that it is vastly important to conduct comparative research that focuses on how cultural actors conduct provenance research, why they initiate these projects and what the outcomes are, in order to gain a greater understanding.Possible research questions are: What incentives motivate private actors to instigate provenance research projects? How are provenance research projects by private actors implemented? What impacts have provenance research projects by private actors yielded? The "The Private is Public" project will apply a national and transnational level of inquiry, as Jewish Country Houses are found all over the world and are shaped by their specific contexts. The focus will be on three nations: the UK, Germany, and Sweden. These nations have been chosen primarily for two reasons: 1) Their individual historical position in WWII (one Axis power, one Allied power, and one 'Neutral' nation) and their unique connections to the events that followed WWII, which can be studied through the lens of provenance research projects instigated by private actors and the effects these projects have had on the history of private actors, the public memory of the Holocaust, and the legacies of WWII; 2) The three nations also occupy different points on how far the implementation of provenance research has come.As previously mentioned, the majority of scholarly contributions with connections to provenance research have focused on public institutions. A study focusing primarily on private actors is, therefore, at the forefront of scholarly pursuits. Conducting a comparative study focusing on the three chosen nations is based on preliminary research, unique - quite possibly the first of its kind. The study holds the possibility of gaining a deeper knowledge about specific private actors, as well as yielding a greater understanding on a national and transnational level. It is well-known that objects looted during WWII were dispersed all over the world. It is therefore of great importance to compare knowledge about the different layers of provenance research projects, conducted by private actors on a transnational scale, as it holds the possibility of facilitating new insights for international provenance research. The project will be interdisciplinary and employ a combination of disciplines, methodologies, and sources. The theoretical framework will mainly be acquired from the academic fields of History, Art History, and Cultural Science, e.g., Heritage Studies, Jewish & WWII Studies, and Critical Provenance Research. The method will combine qualitative techniques, mainly semi-structured interviews, case studies, and comparative analysis. The study will have national and transnational levels of inquiry. The study will employ a wide variety of sources, such as interviews, archives, museum records, seminal works on Nazi-looted art, WWII legacies, and more. The interdisciplinary nature of this project is partly based on the fact that provenance research by its very nature is interdisciplinary, and therefore demands a flexible and multifaceted framework. "The Private is Public" is part of the AHRC-funded 'Jewish Country Houses' project led by Professor Green, and part of the research will take place at the Liebermann-Villa, under the supervision of Dr Wasensteiner (expert in the field of Third-Reich era provenance research and Anglo-German cultural relations). A preliminary thesis structure is available on request.