权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Collaborative Everyday Problem Solving: Gain or Loss?

协作解决日常问题：得还是失？

基本信息

批准号：
6999312
负责人：
JONELL STROUGH
金额：
$ 6.42万
依托单位：
WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2005-01-01 至 2006-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6999312
关键词：
age difference behavioral /social science research tag clinical research cognition dyadic interaction human old age (65+)human subject interpersonal relations interview motivation performance problem solving psychological aspect of aging psychosocial separation questionnaires social group process social psychology young adult human (21-34)

项目摘要

The proposed project seeks to understand healthy aging processes through an investigation of cognition in context. In accord with the mission statement of the Behavioral and Social Research (BSR) program of the NIA, the long-term objective of the proposed research is to identify how social contexts shape cognitive development. Of specific interest is how individuals draw from their own abilities and interpersonal relationships to solve problems of daily life and age successfully. The objective of this project, which is one step toward understanding how social contexts shape cognition, is to compare the consequences of working alone versus collaborating with a familiar social partner for younger and older adults' solutions to interpersonal and instrumental everyday problems. Thus, the project addresses cognition in the context of social relationships in daily life. Specifically, the aims of the proposed research are to: (a) compare the performance of younger and older adults who interact with a partner or work alone to solve instrumental and interpersonal everyday problems, and (b) determine how interpersonal, cognitive, and motivational processes that occur during collaborative interactions facilitate or hinder problem-solving performance in early and later adulthood. The central hypothesis of the research is that younger and older adults' problem-solving performance (as indexed by the quality and quantity of their strategies for solving ill-defined instrumental and interpersonal problems) will vary systematically as a function of working with a partner versus working alone, the instrumental or interpersonal domain of the problem, partners' cognitive abilities and motivation for working together, and the perceived quality of face-to-face social interaction. This central hypothesis is tested systematically and comprehensively in order to provide concrete knowledge of the gains and losses that may accrue when younger and older adults collaborate with others to solve everyday problems. Without this knowledge, associations between social relationships and cognitive performance in later life will remain underdeveloped. By providing this knowledge, the proposed research will facilitate the development of empirically-supported interventions to improve individuals' skills for solving everyday problems and make significant theoretical and empirical contributions to the research literature.

这项拟议的项目试图通过对认知背景的调查来了解健康的衰老过程。根据NIA行为和社会研究(BSR)计划的使命声明，这项拟议研究的长期目标是确定社会背景如何影响认知发展。特别令人感兴趣的是个人如何利用自己的能力和人际关系成功地解决日常生活和年龄问题。这个项目的目的是比较单独工作和与熟悉的社交伙伴合作对年轻人和老年人解决人际关系和工具性日常问题的影响，这是了解社会环境如何塑造认知的一步。因此，该项目解决了日常生活中社会关系背景下的认知问题。具体地说，这项研究的目的是：(A)比较与伴侣互动或单独工作以解决工具性和人际日常问题的年轻人和老年人的表现，以及(B)确定在协作互动过程中发生的人际、认知和动机过程如何促进或阻碍成年早期和成年后期的问题解决能力。这项研究的中心假设是，年轻人和老年人解决问题的表现(根据他们解决界定不明确的工具性和人际关系问题的策略的质量和数量来衡量)将作为与伴侣合作和单独工作的函数而系统地变化，问题的工具或人际领域，伴侣的认知能力和共同工作的动机，以及面对面社交的感知质量。对这一中心假设进行了系统和全面的测试，以提供关于年轻人和老年人与他人合作解决日常问题时可能产生的得失的具体知识。如果没有这方面的知识，社会关系和以后生活中的认知表现之间的联系将仍然不发达。通过提供这些知识，拟议的研究将促进经验支持的干预措施的发展，以提高个人解决日常问题的技能，并对研究文献做出重大的理论和实证贡献。