Regulation of Liver CPT-I during Diabetic Ketosis

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DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The liver plays a central role in physiological and pathological conditions by switching from a carbohydrate to fatty acid-based metabolism. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase-l (CPT-I) is the key regulated step in the hormone-induced changes in mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation mediated via the cAMP signaling system. Malonyl-CoA inhibits CPT-I activity and represents the control point for fatty acid oxidation. The mechanism for the dramatically decreased malonyl-CoA sensitivity of CPT-I in fasting and diabetes has not been uncovered. We have shown 1) regulation of CPT-I involves the covalent modification of the CPT-I protein by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, 2) 50 percent of mitochondrial CPT-I localizes with contact sites, 3) the localization of CPT-I in contact sites is enhanced in diabetic ketoacidosis, 4) inhibition kinetics of CPT-I in liver mitochondrial contact sites from diabetic ketoacidotic rats differs markedly from insulin-treated diabetic rats. Our hypothesis is that in the hormonal milieu resulting in the activation of hepatic protein kinases, CPT-I is phosphorylated leading to resistance to malonyl-CoA inhibition; thus more malonyl-CoA is required to effect the same degree of inhibition, but without a change in the velocity of CPT-I. We hypothesize that contact sites serve as docking domains for protein kinases and protein phosphatases involved in CPT-I regulation. The phosphorylation / dephosphorylation-based regulation of CPT-I occurs in contact sites where the phosphorylated CPT-I predominantly exists. Aim 1 is to determine the amino acid sequence of the phosphorylated peptide following digestion of the immunoprecipitated CPT-I. Aim 2 is to identify the kinase(s) for phosphorylation and the phosphatase(s) for dephosphorylation of CPT-I. The studies will address the functional consequences of CPT-I phosphorylation in isolated hepatocytes. Aim 3 will examine the relationship between CPT-I kinetics and phosphorylation in liver of diabetic ketoacidotic rats. Aim 4 approaches whether contact sites provide docking domains for kinase(s) and phosphatase(s), as well as, for liver isoform of CPT-I. In Aim 5 malonyl-CoA content of the liver will be determined under the various metabolic states. The proposed studies will establish at the molecular and biochemical level the phosphorylation cycle of CPT-I and how it relates to the kinetics of CPT-I in liver.