Central Serotonergic Pathways Regulating Energy Balance

调节能量平衡的中枢血清素通路

• 批准号: 7031554
• 负责人: Lora K Heisler
• 金额: $ 17.41万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-08-01 至 2008-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7031554
• 关键词: bioenergetics; biological signal transduction; body composition; body weight; eating; electrophysiology; fenfluramine; genetically modified animals; homeostasis; hypothalamus; laboratory mouse; melanocyte stimulating hormone; neuropeptide receptor; neuropharmacology; neuroregulation; noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus; obesity; pharmacokinetics; receptor expression; respiratory function; serotonin; serotonin receptor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Elucidating the basic neurobiology of energy homeostasis is paramount in the prevention and treatment of obesity and type II diabetes. Drugs that increase the activity of central serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) have been widely used as appetite suppressants. However, these drugs often elicit unwanted side effects because they target multiple 5-HT pathways and receptors. A notable example is d-fenfluramine (d-Fen), a drug that blocks the reuptake of 5-HT and stimulates its release. In the mid-1990's, d-Fen was prescribed to millions of people in the United States for weight loss, frequently in combination with the sympathomimetic phentermine, but was withdrawn from clinical use in 1997 by the Food and Drug Administration due to reports of adverse cardiopulmonary events. The purpose of this proposal is to delineate the central nervous system (CNS) pathways through which drugs such as d-Fen selectively mediate their effects on food intake. We have strong preliminary data indicating that these drugs exert their effect on energy homeostasis by engaging melanocortin pathways. These central melanocortin pathways, through the melanocortin-4 receptors (MC4-Rs), have potent effects on metabolic-hormonal, neuroendocrine, and behavioral parameters associated with energy balance. In this proposal, we will assess whether 5-HT drugs selectively affect energy homeostasis through a necessary downstream activation of MC4-Rs. We propose a model of the mechanism of serotonergic drug action in which activation of specific serotonergic receptors increases the release of the endogenous MC4-R agonist alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) and inhibits the release of the endogenous antagonist agouti related peptide (AgRP). We will determine whether serotonergic diet drugs require functional downstream MC4-Rs to exert their effect. We offer a series of behavioral, physiological, genetic, and electrophysiological experiments to test components of our model. Data generated from this proposal have the potential to not only delineate the interaction between two key pathways regulating energy homeostasis, but to also identify a promising and very selective target for the prevention and treatment of obesity and type II diabetes.

描述（由申请人提供）：阐明能量稳态的基本神经生物学对于预防和治疗肥胖和 II 型糖尿病至关重要。增加中枢血清素（5-羟色胺，5-HT）活性的药物已广泛用作食欲抑制剂。然而，这些药物经常引起不良副作用，因为它们针对多种 5-HT 途径和受体。一个著名的例子是 d-芬氟拉明 (d-Fen)，这是一种阻止 5-HT 重新摄取并刺激其释放的药物。 1990 年代中期，d-Fen 被美国数百万人用于减肥，通常与拟交感神经药芬特明联合使用，但由于不良心肺事件的报道，美国食品和药物管理局于 1997 年撤回临床使用。该提案的目的是描绘中枢神经系统 (CNS) 通路，d-Fen 等药物通过该通路选择性介导其对食物摄入的影响。我们有强有力的初步数据表明这些药物通过参与黑皮质素途径对能量稳态发挥作用。这些中枢黑皮质素通路通过黑皮质素 4 受体 (MC4-R) 对代谢激素、神经内分泌和与能量平衡相关的行为参数产生强大影响。在本提案中，我们将评估 5-HT 药物是否通过必要的下游 MC4-R 激活选择性地影响能量稳态。我们提出了一个血清素药物作用机制模型，其中特定血清素受体的激活增加了内源性 MC4-R 激动剂 α-黑素细胞刺激激素 (α-MSH) 的释放，并抑制内源性拮抗剂刺鼠相关肽 (AgRP) 的释放。我们将确定血清素能减肥药物是否需要功能性下游 MC4-R 才能发挥其作用。我们提供一系列行为、生理、遗传和电生理学实验来测试我们模型的组成部分。该提案产生的数据不仅有可能描述调节能量稳态的两个关键途径之间的相互作用，而且有可能确定预防和治疗肥胖和 II 型糖尿病的有前途且非常有选择性的目标。