Engagement between UK NGOs and social movements on climate and environmentalism

摘要(不超过500字)我将根据英国新一轮公民行动主义浪潮，调查英国非政府组织参与社会运动的性质。通过半结构化访谈、联合创作研讨会和二次数据收集，我将探讨以下研究问题：英国非政府组织和英国社会运动如何以及为什么相互参与？这些接触对政策过程有什么影响？自2011年公民行动主义浪潮以来，非政府组织的做法及其参与战略发生了怎样的变化？我基于我目前作为乐施会的专业地位，与许多其他非政府组织一起，致力于与英国和世界各地的非正式公民社会团体建立更紧密的伙伴关系，从而制定了这项研究建议。然而，正如我亲眼目睹的那样，非政府组织经常与非正式运动保持紧张甚至好斗的关系。对文献的初步审查显示，阿拉伯之春的民主运动以及2011年以来的反紧缩和反资本主义运动引起了广泛关注，并引发了广泛的文学作品。这包括对抗议者的要求和愿望(Calhoun 2013；Kaldor and Selchow 2012)、与前几波激进主义浪潮(Calhoun，1993；Cammaerts 2021；Togral，2016)的异同以及他们对新的通信网络和社交媒体平台的利用(Castells，2012)的考察。所谓的“新-新社会运动”的一个重要方面是他们的先入为主的政治实践，即植根于无政府主义思想的概念，即活动家们正在“实现他们对未来‘更美好世界’的愿景，而不是简单地抗议一个主导的政权”(Jeffery和Dyson，2020)。例如，对于进步运动来说，这意味着采用无领导或较少的等级结构，并更多地利用直接行动以及新的竞争和破坏形式(Cammaerts，2021)。一个重要但未被研究的领域涉及到这种新的激进主义，包括更具预见性的行动形式，对传统上更制度化的非政府组织等正式的民间社会行为者意味着什么。尤其是，非政府组织如何应对这些更加多变的做法？我将重点放在英国，因为它是一个特别有趣和及时的研究背景。气候变化在英国是一个突出的政治问题，尽管英国拥有世界上最成熟的公民社会之一，但有人担心，英国的公民空间最近正受到威胁。探索英国不断变化的公民空间的性质对非政府组织/运动关系意味着什么，将是对文学的及时和原创的贡献。我还预计，我的发现将与英国以外的利益相关者相关。上文所列的大多数非政府组织在多个国家开展活动，激进主义和社会运动的范围也日益国际化。

Summary (no more than 500 words) I will investigate the nature of UK NGOs' engagement with social movements in light of new waves of civic activism in the UK. Through semi-structured interviews, co-creation workshops, and secondary data collection, I will explore the following research questions:How and why do UK NGOs and UK social movements engage with each other? What effects do these engagements have on policy processes? How have the practices of NGOs and their engagement strategies changed since the wave of civic activism in 2011? I developed this research proposal based on my current professional position as Oxfam who, along with many other NGOs, has committed to closer partnership with informal civil society groups in the UK and around the world. Yet, as I've witnessed first-hand, NGOs often have a strained or even combative relationship with informal movements. An initial review of the literature shows pro-democracy movements of the Arab Spring and anti-austerity and anti-capitalist movements from 2011 garnered wide attention and sparked a broad literature. This included examinations of protestors' demands and aspirations (Calhoun 2013; Kaldor and Selchow 2012), similarities and differences from previous waves of activism (Calhoun, 1993; Cammaerts 2021; Togral, 2016), and their utilisation of new communication networks and social media platforms (Castells, 2012). An important aspect of so-called 'new-new social movements' is their practice of prefigurative politics, that is the notion, rooted in anarchist thought, that rather than simply protesting against a dominant regime, activists are "perform[ing] their vision of a 'better world' to come" (Jeffery and Dyson, 2020). For progressive movements this means, for example, adopting a leaderless or less hierarchical structure, and making greater use of direct action and new forms of contestation and disruption (Cammaerts, 2021).An important, yet under researched, area relates to what this new activism, including more prefigurative forms of action, means for formal civil society actors, including NGOs, which are traditionally more institutionalised. How are NGOs, in particular, responding to these more fluid practices?I focus on the UK as it is a particularly interesting and timely context for research. Climate change is a prominent political issue in the UK and, while the UK has one of the most established civil societies in the world - there are concerns that UK civic space is newly under threat. Exploring what the changing nature of civic space in the UK means for NGO/movement relations will be a timely and original contribution to the literature. I also expect my findings to be of relevance to stakeholders beyond the UK. Most of the NGOs listed above operate in multiple countries and activism and social movements are also increasingly international in scope.