Safeguarding UK hop production from Verticillium nonalfalfae: Using genomics to develop race-specific diagnostics and generate Verticillium resistant

保障英国黄萎病菌的啤酒花生产：利用基因组学开发种族特异性诊断方法并产生黄萎病抗性

• 批准号: 2753545
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Kent
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2753545
• 关键词: Safeguarding; UK; hop; production; Verticillium

Rational: Highly virulent races of the soil borne fungus Verticillium nonalfalfae have substantially contributed to the decline of the UK hop industry. Once this lethal disease has established within a field it can only be combatted through this use of resistant varieties as there are no effective chemical means for control. Four V. nonalfalfae UK races have been characterised (mild, PV1, PV2, PV3), with two understood to have evolved exclusively in the UK. Published work has focused on identifying pathogenicity factors causing lethal wilt (PV1) on the susceptible cultivar 'Fuggle', a significant problem in continental Europe. By contrast, this PhD will investigate the resistance breaking UK races causing lethal wilt on the resistant cultivars 'Wye Challenger' (PV2) and 'Wye Target' (PV3).Approaches: WP1 Determining V. nonalfalfae population structure in terms of virulence characteristicsWP2 Fungal population genomics in relation to UK and EU virulence profiles WP3 Identification of race specific pathogenicity factors through comparative genomics for use in the development of diagnosticsWP4 Validation of pathogenicity factors through knockouts of candidate genes and Host Induced Gene Silencing (HIGS)Impact: Identifying regions of the genome unique to each V. nonalfalfae race structure will allow the generation of soil diagnostic tools to inform planting and management decisions in hop production. Whereas the use of HIGS and gene knockouts will validate pathogenicity factors and allow the generation of Verticillium resistant hop varieties. Existing funding has been secured to characterise novel sources of Verticillium resistance in hop through QTL mapping. However, understanding the race structure of UK V. nonalfalfae will allow the Wye Hops breeding company to develop robust disease resistant hop varieties. This project will complement current host work and contribute to understanding of the arms race between hop breeders and Verticillium.

理由：土壤传播真菌Verticillium nonalfalfae的高毒性小种对英国啤酒花产业的衰落有很大的贡献。一旦这种致命的疾病已经在田地里建立起来，它只能通过使用抗性品种来防治，因为没有有效的化学控制手段。四个V. nonalfalfae英国种族已被表征（轻度，PV1，PV2，PV3），其中两个被认为是专门在英国进化的。已发表的工作集中在确定致病性因素导致致死性枯萎病（PV1）的易感品种'Fuggle'，在欧洲大陆的一个重要问题。相比之下，这个博士将调查的阻力打破英国种族造成致命的枯萎病的抗性品种'瓦伊挑战者'（PV2）和'瓦伊目标'（PV3）。方法：WP1根据毒力特征确定九叶弧菌种群结构WP2与英国和欧盟毒力谱相关的真菌种群基因组学WP3通过比较基因组学鉴定种族特异性致病因子以用于诊断方法的开发WP 4通过敲除候选基因和宿主诱导基因沉默（HIGS）验证致病因子影响：鉴定每个九叶葡萄品种结构独特的基因组区域将允许产生土壤诊断工具，以告知啤酒花生产中的种植和管理决策。而HIGS和基因敲除的使用将验证致病性因子，并允许产生抗黄萎病的啤酒花品种。现有的资金已经得到保证，通过QTL定位来发现啤酒花中抗黄萎病的新来源。然而，了解英国V. nonalfalfae的种族结构将允许Wye Hops育种公司开发强大的抗病啤酒花品种。该项目将补充目前的主机工作，并有助于了解啤酒花育种者和轮枝菌之间的军备竞赛。