A Study of Metal Sequestering and Release from Microbes

我们提出的研究，这将测试的假设，我们提出，微生物多磷酸盐机构（PPBs）的金属螯合的主要网站。我们将使用具有扫描透射模式（STGM）的透射电子显微镜（TEM）和相关的能量色散光谱仪（EDX）技术来确定哪个细胞 成分螯合最多的金属。将获得使用STEM的点模式设置从不同细胞组分获得的光谱。待分析的细胞组分是被膜（鞘）细胞壁、细胞质和PPBs。我们将使用适当的形状数学公式计算每个组件的细胞体积。的量 使用Princeton Gamma Tech IMIX-EDX定量测定每个单元区域中的金属。根据这些数据，我们将计算出每个单元区域或组件中的金属螯合量。我们建议使用以下供试微生物：（1）伯氏丛丝菌，（2）利奥波利斯聚球藻，（3）高山粘球藻，（4）铜绿假单胞菌，（5）大肠埃希菌，（6）金黄色葡萄球菌，（7）枯草芽孢杆菌，（8）醋酸钙不动杆菌，（9）球形节杆菌，（10）酿酒酵母和（11）红色红酵母。如果我们的假设成立，我们将开发一种金属去除系统，其中具有大量PPB的细胞被海藻酸钠包裹。需氧系统将转换为厌氧环境。应拆除PPB，同时释放金属 进入上层。这应该允许金属多次浓缩。然后可以沉淀金属和磷。

We propose research which will test the hypothesis where we propose that microbial polyphosphate bodies (PPBs) are the main sites of metal sequestering. We will use our technology of a transmission electron microscope (TEM) with a scanning transmission mode (STGM) and an associated energy dispersive spectrometer (EDX) to determine which cell component sequesters the most metal. Spectra obtained with the spot mode setting of the STEM from different cell components will be obtained. The cell components to be analyzed are capsule (sheath) cell wall, cytoplasm and PPBs. We will calculate the volume of the cell each of these components has using the appropriate mathematical formula for the shape. The amount of the metal in each cell area will be determined quantitatively using the Princeton Gamma Tech IMIX-EDX. From this data we will calculate the amount of metal sequestered in each cell area or component. We propose using for test organisms: (1) Plectonema boryanum, (2) Synechococcus leopoliensis, (3) Gloeocapsa alpicola, (4) Pseudomonas aeruginosa, (5) Escherichia coli, (6) Staphlococcus areus, (7) Bacillus subtilis, (8) Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, (9) Arthrobacter globiformis, (10) Saccharomyces cervisae, and (11) Rhodotorula rubra. If our hypothesis is sustained we will develop a metal removing system where cells with large numbers of PPBs are enrobed in Na-alginate. The aerobic system will be converted to an anaerobic environment. The PPBs should be dismantled with the metal being released into the supemant. This should allow the metal to be concentrated many times. The metals and the phosphorus can then be precipated.