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Nanoparticles from non-exhaust emissions: lung deposition and potential health impacts

非废气排放中的纳米颗粒：肺部沉积和潜在的健康影响

基本信息

批准号：
2758026
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Cambridge
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2022 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2758026
关键词：
Nanoparticles non exhaust emissions lung

项目摘要

Air pollution poses a huge burden on public health, causing around 7 million deaths per yearworldwide. A major contributor to ambient air pollution is the transport sector. Vehicles sold inEurope are subject to strict limits on the emission of tailpipe pollutants. Regulated emissions includenon-methane hydrocarbons, CO, NOx and particulate matter (PM). Besides tailpipe emissions, thetransport sector emits PM through brake abrasion, tyre wear, road surface wear, and resuspensionof dusts deposited on the road surface. All these processes together are referred to as "nonexhaust"emissions and are currently not regulated.Significant efforts have been put in place by the automotive industry to meet regulatory standards.With the ongoing transitions to hybrid and electric vehicles, tailpipe emissions will continue to fallbut non-exhaust emissions are expected to rise. While a large body of research has been alreadydone on the quantification of tailpipe emissions, their atmospheric fate, and their impact on publichealth, such information for non-exhaust emissions is currently scarce.The aim of this PhD project is to fill the gap of knowledge on non-exhaust emissions, through an in depthsize and chemical characterisation and by assessing their intrinsic ability to cause lunginflammation and exacerbate diseases.

空气污染对公众健康造成了巨大的负担，每年导致全球约700万人死亡。造成环境空气污染的一个主要因素是运输部门。在欧洲销售的车辆受到尾气污染物排放的严格限制。规定的排放量包括非甲烷碳氢化合物、CO、NOx和颗粒物(PM)。除了尾气排放，运输部门还通过刹车磨损、轮胎磨损、路面磨损和沉积在路面上的粉尘的再悬浮来排放PM。所有这些过程加在一起被称为“非尾气”排放，目前没有受到监管。汽车行业已经做出了重大努力，以满足监管标准。随着向混合动力和电动汽车的持续过渡，尾气排放将继续下降，但非尾气排放预计将上升。虽然已经对尾气排放的量化、其大气去向及其对公共健康的影响进行了大量的研究，但目前关于非尾气排放的此类信息还很少。该博士项目的目的是通过对非尾气排放的深度和化学特征的深入研究，并通过评估其引起肺炎和加重疾病的内在能力，来填补关于非尾气排放的知识空白。