The Amygdala, Individual Differences, and Conditioned Hyperactivity

杏仁核、个体差异和条件性多动症

• 批准号: 7194722
• 负责人: Mary Eileen Cain
• 金额: $ 7.12万
• 依托单位: KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-30 至 2008-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7194722
• 关键词: amphetamines; amygdala; conditioning

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Numerous studies suggest that people who prefer novel or arousing stimulation (e.g. high sensation- seekers) use drugs more frequently than low sensation seekers. Thus, high sensation-seekers may be predisposed biologically to find both novel stimuli and drugs to be more rewarding than low sensation- seekers. The long-term goal of this research is to determine if individuals who prefer novel and arousing stimuli share a common neuroanatomical mechanism using an animal model. Rats that are highly active in a novel environment (high responders) are more sensitive to amphetamine-induced locomotor activity and self-administer more amphetamine compared to rats that are relatively inactive (low responders). Previous research has demonstrated that inactivation of the central nucleus of the amygdala (ACe) reduces amphetamine self-administration only in high responder rats. The overall mechanistic framework for the proposed set of experiments is based on the role of the ACe in regulating arousal due to its extensive cortical and subcortical projections. The hypothesis is that the ACe is more active in high responder rats compared to low responder rats. The effects of inactivation of the ACe on subsequent amphetamine- induced locomotor activity will be measured to determine if the ACe contributes to the increased sensitivity of high responder rats to amphetamine-induced locomotor activity. Further, the amount of conditioned activity in an amphetamine-associated environment will be measured to determine if the ACe contributes to conditioned activity and if high responder and low responder rats differ in conditioned activity. In addition, the amount of c-fos expression will be measured in the ACe to determine if the ACe has greater activity in high responder rats. The findings of these experiments are intended to advance the understanding of vulnerability for stimulant abuse, and will potentially lead to better prevention and treatment interventions.

描述（由申请人提供）：大量研究表明，喜欢新颖或唤起刺激的人（例如高感觉寻求者）比低感觉寻求者更频繁地使用药物。因此，高感觉寻求者可能在生物学上倾向于发现新的刺激和药物比低感觉寻求者更有价值。这项研究的长期目标是利用动物模型来确定喜欢新颖且令人兴奋的刺激的个体是否具有共同的神经解剖学机制。与相对不活跃的大鼠（低反应者）相比，在新环境中高度活跃的大鼠（高反应者）对安非他明诱导的运动活动更敏感，并且会自行施用更多的安非他明。先前的研究表明，杏仁核中央核（ACe）的失活仅在高反应大鼠中减少安非他明的自我给药。所提议的一组实验的总体机制框架基于 ACe 由于其广泛的皮质和皮质下投射而在调节唤醒中的作用。假设与低反应大鼠相比，高反应大鼠的 ACe 更活跃。将测量ACe失活对随后的苯丙胺诱导的运动活性的影响，以确定ACe是否有助于高反应大鼠对苯丙胺诱导的运动活性的敏感性增加。此外，将测量安非他明相关环境中条件活动的量以确定ACe是否有助于条件活动以及高响应者和低响应者大鼠在条件活动中是否存在差异。此外，将测量 ACe 中 c-fos 表达的量，以确定 ACe 在高反应大鼠中是否具有更高的活性。这些实验的结果旨在加深对兴奋剂滥用脆弱性的了解，并有可能带来更好的预防和治疗干预措施。