NaCI taste responses: bases for sex differences in rat

NaCI 味觉反应：大鼠性别差异的基础

• 批准号: 6986135
• 负责人: KATHLEEN S CURTIS
• 金额: $ 7.13万
• 依托单位: FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-12-01 至 2006-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6986135
• 关键词: afferent nerve; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; biological models; biological signal transduction; conditioning; dietary sodium; electrophysiology; estrogens; ethology; female; food flavor; gender difference; hormone regulation /control mechanism; immunocytochemistry; laboratory rat; male; neural information processing; neuroanatomy; ovariectomy; parabrachial nucleus; perception; sodium chloride; taste

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Perception of salty tastes by humans is influenced by gender, but this phenomenon has been largely unexamined in animal models, even in species such as rat in which much is known about the peripheral mechanisms and central pathways involved in the processing of taste information. Most studies have examined the ingestion of NaCI solutions rather than the taste. Sex differences have been reported in NaCI ingestion stimulated by experimental methods to produce a sodium deficit. Similarly, sex differences in spontaneous, need-free intake of and preference for NaCI by rats during long-term tests also have been reported. In both cases, removal of estrogen by ovariectomy eliminated sex differences in NaCI intake. However, estrogen also has substantial effects on body sodium and fluid regulation. Thus, given the post-ingestive consequences that occur during prolonged ingestion, and the use of experimental methods that disrupt body sodium and fluid balance, these results may provide limited information about sex differences in NaCI taste responses. A few studies using taste reactivity procedures to more directly examine taste responses indicate that there are sex differences in the responses to NaCI taste in rats, but the role of estrogen was not specifically evaluated. Moreover, the basis of sex differences in taste responses to NaCI remains virtually unknown. Within the central nervous system, responses of neurons in the parabrachial nucleus to sapid NaCI are affected by estrogen. Thus, sex differences in behavioral taste responses to NaCI may be attributable to direct effects of estrogen on central gustatory pathways. Alternatively, differences in peripheral sensory neural responses to NaCI may contribute to sex differences in taste responses by altering the sensory information that ultimately stimulates activity in central gustatory pathways. At present, little is known about the effect of estrogen on peripheral sensory responses to NaCI taste or on activity in central gustatory pathways in rats, or about how such effects may contribute to differences in behavior. This application will use behavioral, electrophysiological, neuroanatomical, and immunocytochemical methods to address these questions, thereby providing better understanding of the influence of estrogen on gustation. Ultimately, such information may be useful in understanding sex differences in other behaviors.

描述（由申请人提供）：人类对咸味的感知受性别的影响，但是这种现象在动物模型中很大程度上尚未审查，即使在大鼠（例如大鼠）中，人们对涉及味觉信息处理的外围机制和中心途径知之甚少。大多数研究都检查了摄入NACI溶液而不是味道。通过实验方法刺激了产生钠赤字的实验方法刺激的NACI摄入中的性别差异。同样，在长期测试中，大鼠对NACI的自发性，无需摄入和偏爱的性别差异也有报道。在这两种情况下，通过卵巢切除术清除雌激素都消除了NACI摄入量的性别差异。但是，雌激素对人体钠和液体调节也有实质性影响。因此，鉴于长期摄入期间发生的后果后果，以及破坏人体钠和液体平衡的实验方法的使用，这些结果可能会提供有关NACI味觉反应性别差异的有限信息。 一些使用味觉反应性程序进行更直接检查味道反应的研究表明，大鼠对NACI味道的反应存在性别差异，但雌激素的作用尚未得到特别评估。此外，对NACI的口味反应的性别差异的基础几乎是未知的。在中枢神经系统中，副神经核中神经元对酵母NACI的反应受雌激素的影响。因此，行为味道对NACI的性别差异可能归因于雌激素对中央味道途径的直接影响。另外，通过改变最终刺激中央阵风途径活性的感觉信息，对NACI的外周感觉神经反应的差异可能会导致味觉反应的性别差异。目前，关于雌激素对Naci味道或大鼠中央阵风途径的活动的影响，或者对这种影响如何导致行为差异的影响，知之甚少。该应用将使用行为，电生理学，神经解剖学和免疫细胞化学方法来解决这些问题，从而更好地了解雌激素对胃的影响。最终，此类信息可能有助于理解其他行为的性别差异。