Number Concepts and Automaticity

描述（由申请人提供）：《数字概念和自动性》的目的是在确定和解决小学早期学生数学成功的指标方面发挥关键作用。《数的概念和自动性》一书提出了在数学失败中分离出可预测的因素，并为克服不足提供正确的指导和实践。为此，该项目将专注于为儿童开发数学模型，将这些模型带入工作记忆，并建立数学问题的自动性。我们建议为一至三年级的学生研究和开发一个补充数学软件程序。这个项目的主要目的是为那些在数学上有困难的学生提供基础支持，尽管我们希望所有普通教育教室的学生和大多数特殊教育教室的学生都能从中受益。我们将在俄勒冈州斯普林菲尔德的学校研究这个项目，在那里我们将与所有学生一起工作，包括那些关键小组的学生：特殊教育和英语学习者。我们的项目将集中在软件开发、实施策略和科学研究上。数字概念和自动性将产生重要的突破性成果。它将使学生能够形成他们需要的概念模型，并通过为概念发展提供数学模型的选择来提供差异化的指导。由于软件采用了定时系统，可以根据个人能力进行调整，包括为身体有缺陷的学生提供突破性的住宿，从而减慢了他们的反应速度，因此学生们将建立流利的语言。该软件将包括内置的通用设计功能，对辅助技术的支持，以及对英语学习者的支持。该项目将在斯普林菲尔德学校的密切协调下实施。我们将使我们的工作与地区目标保持一致，在长达一年的过程中培训和支持教师，并与地区合作将技术整合到小学数学课程中。太平洋研究所将进行一项重要的实验研究。因此，数学概念建模、准确性分析和流畅性测量都将符合学术界的期望。完成的项目将有三个主要组成部分。IntelliTools将开发一个丰富的初级数学软件程序，并将在学校市场上销售。IntelliTools将采用一种实现方法，该方法将被完整地记录下来，并作为产品出售给学区。最后，IntelliTools和PIR将进行广泛的实验研究，以验证软件和实现，并将提高小学数学教育研究的艺术水平。数字概念和自动性是一项研究和软件开发项目，旨在为1-3年级的学生分离出数学失败的可预测因素，并提供正确的指导和实践，以克服不足。该项目有三个组成部分：软件开发，在整个学区实现产品，并将结果用于实验研究。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose for Number Concepts and Automaticity is to play a key role in determining and addressing the indicators for mathematical success for students in early elementary grades. Number Concepts and Automaticity proposes to isolate predictable factors in mathematical failure and provide the right guidance and practice to overcome the deficiencies. Toward this end, the project will focus on developing mathematical models for children, bringing those models into working memory, and building automaticity with math problems. We propose to research and develop a supplemental math software program for students in grades 1 - 3. The primary purpose of this program will be to provide foundational support for students who struggle in math, although we expect that all students in general education classrooms, and most students in special education, will derive benefit. We will research this program in the Springfield, Ore., schools, where we will work with all students, including those students in key subgroups: special education and English language learners. Our project will focus on software development, implementation strategies, and scientific research. Number Concepts and Automaticity will yield important breakthrough results. It will empower students to form the conceptual models they need, and it will provide differentiated instruction by providing a choice of mathematical models for conceptual development. Students will build fluency as the software employs timing systems that will adjust to individual abilities, including breakthrough accommodations for students with physical impairments that slow their response rate. The software will include built-in universal design features, support for assistive technology, and support for students who are English language learners. The project will be implemented in close coordination with the Springfield schools. We will align our work to district goals, train and support teachers throughout the year-long process, and work with the district to integrate the technology into the elementary math curriculum. A significant experimental study will be conducted by the Pacific Institutes for Research. As a result, the mathematical concept modeling, accuracy analysis, and fluency measures all will be consistent with the expectations of the academic community. The completed project will feature three main components. IntelliTools will develop a rich, elementary mathematics software program that will be sold in the school marketplace. IntelliTools will employ an implementation method that will be fully documented and sold as a product to school districts. Finally, IntelliTools and PIR will conduct an extensive experimental research study that will validate the software and implementation and will elevate the state of the art in elementary mathematics education research. Number Concepts and Automaticity is a research and software development project to isolate predictable factors in mathematical failure for students in grades 1-3 and provide the right guidance and practice to overcome the deficiencies. The project has three components: software development, implementing the product throughout a school district, and subjecting the results to experimental research.