Adaptation of Shakespeare in Contemporary Iranian Theatre: A Dissident Reading of Society and Politics

这项拟议的研究探索了2000至2020年间莎士比亚在当代伊朗戏剧中的改编和重新概念化。总体而言，伊朗莎士比亚的重演主要采用三种方式：(1)挑战重要政治问题的戏剧，如伊朗现代史上的独裁统治，特别是改编自哈姆雷特和麦克白的戏剧；(2)致力于反思伊朗社会文化问题的戏剧，如性别不平等和戏剧审查；(3)引发哲学-美学讨论的重演，旨在主流戏剧中实践一个反对感知和意义的实验舞台。通过使用文化唯物主义持不同政见者阅读和改编研究，以及社会政治批评，这项拟议的研究分析了改编政治，持不同政见者的范围，以及伊朗改编者如何以富有成效和引人入胜的方式利用莎士比亚来反思当今伊朗的社会文化、政治和哲学问题。伊朗当代历史事件，如本世纪初以来的国内起义，是伊朗在戏剧创作实践和戏剧制作中出现对莎士比亚的社会、政治和替代解释和改编的决定因素。

This proposed research explores the adaptation and reconceptualisation of Shakespeare in contemporary Iranian theatre between 2000 and 2020. Overall, Iranian Shakespearean reworkings pursue three main approaches: (1) the plays that challenge important political issues such as the establishment of dictatorship in modern history of Iran, the Hamlet and Macbeth adaptations in particular; (2) the plays that engage in reflecting on Iran's sociocultural problems such as gender inequality and theatre censorship; and (3) the reworkings that spark philosophical-aesthetic discussions aiming at practicing an experimental stage against perception and meaning in the mainstream theatre. By using cultural materialist dissident reading and adaptation studies, as well as sociopolitical criticism, this proposed research analyzes adaptation politics, the scope of dissidence, and the way Iranian adapters have utilised Shakespeare in productive and engaging ways to reflect on sociocultural, political and philosophical issues in present-day Iran. Contemporary Iranian historical events such as civil uprisings since 2000s are deciding factors in the emergence of social, political and alternative interpretations and adaptations of Shakespeare in playwriting practice and theatre production in Iran.