Neural mechanisms of auditory feedback during speech

言语过程中听觉反馈的神经机制

• 批准号: 7233605
• 负责人: SRIKANTAN S. NAGARAJAN
• 金额: $ 45.48万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-07-15 至 2009-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7233605
• 关键词: Acoustics; Affect; Area; Attenuated; Auditory; Auditory Perception; Auditory area; Behavioral; Brain Part; Clinical; Condition; Data; Discrimination; Early Diagnosis; Elements; Esthesia; Exposure to; Feedback; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Generations; Image; Impairment; Knowledge; Lead; Location; Magnetism; Methods; Modeling; Motor; Motor output; Movement; Numbers; Output; Parkinson Disease; Perception; Phonetics; Process; Production; Reporting; Research Personnel; Resolution; Schizophrenia; Signal Transduction; Source; Speech; Speech Perception; Speech Sound; Stimulus; Stuttering; Testing; Time; Update; Work; attenuation; auditory discrimination; auditory feedback; base; gain of function; insight; motor control; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; preference; programs; reconstruction; relating to nervous system; research study; response; speech processing

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Understanding how auditory feedback is processed during speaking provides insights into fundamental mechanisms underlying speech production and perception. This knowledge might also ultimately contribute to the early detection and lead to treatment strategies for a number of prevalent clinical conditions where impairments in abnormal processing of auditory feedback have been reported (e.g. stuttering, Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia). While many behavioral studies have examined how auditory perception affects speech production, only recently have functional neuroimaging studies begun examining how producing speech affects the neural processes serving auditory perception. Recent studies have shown that in auditory cortex and other areas in the superior temporal plane, speaking causes "speaking-induced suppression" (SIS): response to self-produced speech is suppressed when compared to identical speech from an external source. In our recent work, we have shown that SIS in auditory cortex does not result from overall inhibition of this area during speaking. Rather, SIS appears to be a neural correlate of a feedback prediction error (FPE) - a comparison between actual auditory input and an internal "speaking-induced prediction" (SIP) of that auditory input. SIS expression in auditory cortex has led to the hypothesis that SIS reflects auditory discrimination of self-produced from externally produced stimuli (Self-non-Self Hypothesis). However, refinements in our understanding of auditory feedback in speech motor control, that are supported by behavioral studies and our preliminary data, suggest that SIS may also reflect feedback processing for speech motor control (Speech Motor Control Hypothesis). We have developed a unifying conceptual model that embodies both hypotheses, and our proposed experiments use SIS to test the neural correlates and the validity of this model. The specific aims are to determine how SIS is modulated by 1) altered feedback, 2) speech target dynamics and 3) speech motor adaptation. These manipulations not only help us to unravel the functional significance of SIS but also help us determine if there is a differentiation of the function of SIS across the superior temporal plane. Furthermore, how activity in other parts of the brain is affected by our experimental manipulations will allow us to determine the neural correlates of the mechanisms that generate SIS. Our approach capitalizes on unique real-time speech feedback alteration methods used with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and magnetic source imaging (MSI). The excellent spatial resolution of fMRI will enable reconstruction of spatial locations of activity related to SIS and SIP while the excellent temporal resolution of MSI will enable us to reconstruct the sequence of activation in these areas.

描述（由申请人提供）：了解说话过程中如何处理听觉反馈可以深入了解语音产生和感知的基本机制。这些知识最终也可能有助于早期发现，并为许多常见的临床疾病制定治疗策略，这些疾病已报告听觉反馈异常处理受损（例如口吃、帕金森病、精神分裂症）。虽然许多行为研究已经研究了听觉感知如何影响言语产生，但直到最近，功能性神经影像学研究才开始研究言语产生如何影响服务于听觉感知的神经过程。最近的研究表明，在听觉皮层和颞上平面的其他区域，说话会引起“说话引起的抑制”（SIS）：与来自外部来源的相同语音相比，对自己产生的语音的反应受到抑制。在我们最近的工作中，我们发现听觉皮层中的 SIS 并不是由说话期间该区域的整体抑制引起的。相反，SIS 似乎是反馈预测误差 (FPE) 的神经关联——实际听觉输入与该听觉输入的内部“说话诱发预测”(SIP) 之间的比较。听觉皮层中的 SIS 表达导致了这样的假设：SIS 反映了自我产生与外部产生的刺激的听觉辨别（自我-非自我假说）。然而，我们对言语运动控制中听觉反馈的理解得到了行为研究和我们初步数据的支持，这表明 SIS 也可能反映了言语运动控制的反馈处理（言语运动控制假说）。我们开发了一个统一的概念模型来体现这两种假设，并且我们提出的实验使用 SIS 来测试神经相关性和该模型的有效性。具体目标是确定 SIS 如何通过 1) 改变的反馈、2) 语音目标动态和 3) 语音运动适应进行调节。这些操作不仅帮助我们揭示 SIS 的功能意义，还帮助我们确定 SIS 的功能在上颞平面上是否存在差异。此外，我们的实验操作如何影响大脑其他部分的活动将使我们能够确定产生 SIS 的机制的神经相关性。我们的方法利用了与功能磁共振成像（fMRI）和磁源成像（MSI）结合使用的独特的实时语音反馈改变方法。 fMRI 出色的空间分辨率将使我们能够重建与 SIS 和 SIP 相关的活动的空间位置，而 MSI 出色的时间分辨率将使我们能够重建这些区域的激活序列。