Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors in Young Children with Autism

自闭症幼儿的限制性和重复性行为

• 批准号: 7489415
• 负责人: MICHAEL L CUCCARO
• 金额: $ 27.5万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7489415
• 关键词: 3 year old; Affect; Age; Age of Onset; Age-Years; Autistic Disorder; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Candidate Disease Gene; Caregivers; Characteristics; Child; Class; Clinical; Cognitive; Data; Data Set; Development; Developmental Disabilities; Differential Diagnosis; Disabled Persons; Down Syndrome; Early Diagnosis; Early Intervention; Epidemiologic Studies; Facility Construction Funding Category; Frequencies; Genes; Genetic; Grouping; Impaired cognition; Individual; Investigation; Language; Longitudinal Studies; Matched Group; Measures; Methods; Molecular Analysis; Molecular Genetics; Motor; Nature; OSA; Outcome; Pattern; Principal Investigator; Procedures; Range; Relative (related person); Reporting; Ritual compulsion; Severities; Social Development; Social Functioning; Speech Delay; Stratification; Subgroup; Symptoms; Time; autism spectrum disorder; base; clinical Diagnosis; cognitive function; comparative; developmentally disabled; genetic analysis; genetic linkage analysis; improved; interest; mental age; programs; social; social communication

Restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests (RRBs) are a defining characteristic of autism. While essential to clinical diagnosis, this group of behaviors is woefully understudied relative to social and communication problems in autism. Specifically, there is limited understanding of the development, course, and uniqueness of RRBs. The objective of this project is to examine RRBs in young children (ages 2 and 3 years of age) with autism or autism spectrum disorder (ASD). RRBs comprise a diverse set of behaviors such as repetitive motor actions, rituals, routines, and compulsions. The presence and quality of RRBs have been shown to adversely affect both adaptive and social functioning and also predict severity of autism symptoms. Characterizing the developmental course of RRBs will allow for examination of their direct impact on social and communication outcomes in autism. This is directly relevant to individualizing treatment as well as constructing subgroups based on clusters of symptoms. Prior investigations of RRBs in autism have studied older individuals or those with severe cognitive impairments, but not young children with autism and a range of cognitive functioning. However, it is clear from studies of young children with developmental disabilities such as Down syndrome that RRBs emerge much earlier and should be investigated in this 2- to 3-year old age period. This study will elucidate the developmental aspects of RRBs in autism versus typical development and developmental disabilities. This comparative, longitudinal study will document the early development of RRBs and how these behaviors differ in three groups of young children: 1) children with autism/ASD between 2 and 3 years of age; 2) children with developmental disabilities (DD) between 2 and 3 years of age, and 3) typically developing children (TD). Both DD and TD groups will be matched to the autism/ASD groups on the basis of mental age. All children will be serially evaluated with a comprehensive battery of measures to assess the occurrence, frequency, and intensity of RRBs as well as social, communicative, and behavioral functioning. This is the first study to examine RRBs in young children with autism or ASD using multiple methods (direct observation and informant report). The current study will (1) document the course and developmental trajectory of RRBs in young children with autism vs. non-autism; (2) examine the relationship of RRBs to social-communicative outcomes in autism; (3) construct groupings of RRBs that may constitute significant subtypes in autism based on co-occurrence, patterns over time, and intensity and (4) use RRBs as the basis for phenotypic stratification in this data set to identify genes associated with RRBs and/or autism.

受限制和重复的行为和利益（RRB）是自闭症的定义特征。尽管对于临床诊断至关重要，但相对于自闭症中的社会和沟通问题，这一行为被严重研究。具体而言，对RRB的发展，过程和独特性的理解有限。该项目的目的是检查自闭症或自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的幼儿（2岁和3岁）的RRB。 RRB构成了各种各样的行为，例如重复的运动动作，仪式，例程和强迫。 RRB的存在和质量已被证明会对自适应和社会功能产生不利影响，并预测自闭症症状的严重程度。 表征RRB的发展过程将允许检查其对自闭症中社会和沟通成果的直接影响。这与个性化治疗以及基于症状簇构建亚组直接相关。先前对自闭症中RRB的研究已经研究了老年人或患有严重认知障碍的人，但没有自闭症和一系列认知功能的年幼儿童。但是，从对唐氏综合症等发育障碍的幼儿的研究中可以清楚地看出，RRB的出现了很早，应在这个2至3岁的年龄时期进行研究。这项研究将阐明自闭症与典型发育和发育障碍的RRB的发展方面。 这项比较的纵向研究将记录RRB的早期发展，以及这些行为在三组幼儿中如何有所不同：1）患有自闭症/ASD的儿童2至3岁之间； 2）2至3岁之间的发育障碍儿童（DD）和3岁）通常患儿童（TD）。 DD和TD组将根据心理年龄匹配自闭症/ASD组。所有儿童将通过一系列综合措施进行连续评估，以评估RRB的发生，频率和强度以及社交，交流和行为功能。这是使用多种方法检查自闭症或ASD的幼儿中RRB的第一项研究（直接 观察和线人报告）。当前的研究将（1）记录自闭症与非自闭症儿童的RRB的课程和发展轨迹； （2）检查RRB与自闭症中社会交流结果的关系； （3）基于共发生，随时间和强度的模式，可能构成自闭症中显着亚型的RRB的构造组，以及（4）使用RRB作为该数据集中表型分层的基础，以识别与RRB和/或自闭症相关的基因。