CONSORTIUM FOR ANTIMALARIAL DEVELOPMENT

该子项目是利用NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为中心，不一定是研究者所在机构。我们开发了一个恒河猴模型，以检查疟疾（疟原虫coatneyi）在怀孕期间的影响。该项目由NIH R 01支持，探讨了母体免疫反应、妊娠的影响以及预先存在的免疫对临床疟疾严重程度和胎儿结局的影响。通过密西西比州立大学和疾病预防控制中心的一项研究，婴儿的流式细胞仪分析和每日津贴得到了支持。 条款？低出生体重（LBW）和小于胎龄儿（SGA）描述了早产儿和/或宫内生长迟缓（IUGR），但没有定义问题的性质。猴子模型表明，婴儿结局不佳的指标很复杂，体重本身不足以作为唯一的决定因素。人类研究表明，疟疾，而不是早产，导致IUGR，但这是基于出生体重与临床评估胎龄，而不是超声检查。利用超声检查，我们证明了骨骼异常（成骨失调），包括小的头部测量和股骨长度指示对称IUGR（SIUGR），以及异常椭圆形的头部与头部长度：头部宽度比增加。还发现了不对称IUGR（AIUGR）或体脂沉积减少。出生后，继续测量婴儿，并每月进行FACs分析。 疟疾不仅与胎儿生长受损有关，而且与婴儿生长受损和持续的免疫学改变有关。婴儿表现出疟疾引起的免疫系统调节，体液（B淋巴细胞）和细胞（T淋巴细胞）的发育受到影响。子宫内接触疟疾或疟疾抗原可能是原因。婴儿对各种微生物的易感性增加。我们的研究结果表明，该模型与检查胎儿编程有关，这是一种假设，认为成人疾病的起源与子宫内的胎儿环境有关。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. We developed a rhesus monkey model to examine the effects of malaria (Plasmodium coatneyi) during pregnancy. This project, supported by an NIH R01, explores maternal immunologic responses, the effects of gravidity, and preexisting immunity on the severity of clinical malaria and fetal outcome. The FACS analysis and per diem for the infants is supported by a subcontract through Mississippi state university and the CDC. The terms ¿low birth weight¿ (LBW) and ¿small for gestational age¿ (SGA) describe infants born prematurely and/or with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), but do not define the nature of the problem. The monkey model shows that there are complex indicators of poor infant outcome and weight alone is not sufficient as the sole determinant. Human studies show that malaria, not prematurity, leads to IUGR but this has been based on birth weight with clinical assessment of gestational age, not on ultrasonography. Utilizing ultrasonography, we demonstrated skeletal abnormalities (dysregulated osteogenesis) including small head measurments and femur length indicative of symmetric IUGR (SIUGR), as well as abnormal elliptical shaped heads with increased head length :head width ratios. Asymmetric IUGR (AIUGR) or reduced body fat deposition was also identified. After birth the infants continued to be measured and monthly FACs analysis was performed. Malaria was associated not only with impaired fetal growth but impaired infant growth and persistent immunologic alterations. Infants displayed malaria-induced modulation of their immune systems, whereby both humoral (B-lymphocytes) and cellular (T-lymphocyte) development was affected. In utero exposure to malaria or malaria antigens are likely responsible. Infants displayed increased susceptibility to a variety of microbial agents. Our findings indicate that the model is relevant for the examination ¿fetal programming¿ a hypothesis which states that the origins of adult disease are related to the fetal environment in utero.