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Counting the cost of living in modern and fossil animals

计算现代动物和化石动物的生活成本

基本信息

批准号：
2871994
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Southampton
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2023 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2871994
关键词：
Counting cost living modern fossil

项目摘要

The energetic cost of living defines how animals interact with their environment. The rate at which animals capture and expend energy dictates where and how they can live, and their relative sensitivity to ecological and environmental change. Energetic traits face strong selection, and morphological features are often assumed to imply changes in bioenergetic traits. Energy is typically measured by assessing heat production or the oxygen consumption rates. Both of these approaches are extremely difficult to apply in field conditions or on fossil samples. Consequently, despite the fundamental importance of energy expenditure in ecology, evolution and conservation physiology, we have very little comparative quantitative information on the realised energetic costs of living for wild animals in either modern or fossil settings. Recently, chemical proxies for realised metabolic rate have been proposed, based on carbon isotope compositions (Chung et al 2019), trace metals (Limberg et al 2018) and concentrations of respiratory macromolecules preserved in ancient biominerals (Weimann et al 2022). This project will refine, improve and intercompare proxies for field metabolic rate. You will apply metabolic proxies to provide the first empirical data for how metabolic level varies among modern and fossil organisms, linking physiology and evolutionary ecology.

生存的能量成本决定了动物如何与环境相互作用。动物捕获和消耗能量的速度决定了它们的生存地点和方式，以及它们对生态和环境变化的相对敏感性。能量性状面临强烈的选择，形态特征通常被认为暗示了生物能量性状的变化。能量通常是通过评估产热率或耗氧量来测量的。这两种方法在野外条件或化石样本上都非常难以应用。因此，尽管能量消耗在生态学、进化和保护生理学中具有根本的重要性，但我们很少有关于野生动物在现代或化石环境中生存的实际能量成本的比较定量信息。最近，基于碳同位素组成（Chung etal . 2019）、微量金属（Limberg etal . 2018）和古代生物矿物中保存的呼吸大分子浓度（Weimann etal . 2022），提出了实现代谢率的化学代用物。该项目将完善、改进和相互比较野外代谢率的代理。您将应用代谢代理来提供现代和化石生物之间代谢水平变化的第一手经验数据，将生理学和进化生态学联系起来。