Innovative Chair to Prevent Pressure Injuries in Persons Living with Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias

项目总结/摘要 拟议的项目涉及开发和评估一种创新的，廉价的，易于使用的椅子， 减少阿尔茨海默病或相关疾病患者中压力损伤的患病率 痴呆（ADRD）。医疗保健研究和质量机构估计， 在美国，每年有1人发生压力性损伤，导致治疗费用超过10美元 每年10亿。这种情况是痛苦的，往往很难治疗，超过60，000人死于压力 每年仅在美国就有100万人受伤。在长期护理机构和 私人住宅，是在增加的风险，压力伤害形成由于恶化的几个 与运动、感觉、自主、认知或行为途径相关的神经生理子系统。 身体重新定位是预防压力损伤的基石（政府强制要求 床的管理）;然而，在进行频繁的、有计划的人员重新定位方面存在一些障碍 和ADRD一起坐在椅子上一些已开发的床垫介入技术 包括反应性泡沫、静态空气、水、纤维、凝胶表面和空气流化陶瓷珠沿着具有活性的 方法包括交替压力空气表面，大单元涟漪床垫。有源交替 压力空气表面由气室制成，通过电动空气间歇地充气和放气 压缩机定期重新分配身体下方的压力。这些床垫的发展缓慢， 应用到椅子上。尽管交替压力空气表面的优点，但在一个实施例中， 由于成本、患者的不舒适感以及 充气/放气运动、压缩机噪声和能量消耗。我们提出了一种创新的低成本 椅子设计方法可实现替代压力表面床垫的功能，而无需 需要电力或压缩空气。我们假设，建议的椅子将适合广泛的 在长期护理设施和私人住宅中收养。这将是特别有用的低资源 护理环境。将开发和评估一种原型椅子。

Project Summary/Abstract The proposed project relates to developing and evaluating an innovative, inexpensive, easy-to-use chair aiming to reduce the prevalence of pressure injuries among persons living with Alzheimer's disease or a related dementia (ADRD). The Agency for Healthcare Research & Quality estimates that more than 2.5 million individuals in the United States develop pressure injuries annually, resulting in treatment costs exceeding $10 billion per year. The condition is painful, often difficult to treat, and over 60,000 people die due to pressure injuries each year in the United States alone. Persons living with ADRD, both in long term care facilities and private residences, are at an increased risk for pressure injury formation due to the deterioration of several neurophysiological subsystems associated with motor, sensory, autonomic, cognitive, or behavioral pathways. Physical repositioning is the cornerstone of pressure injury prevention (and mandated by government regulation in beds); however, several barriers exist to conducting frequent, scheduled repositioning of persons living with ADRD in chairs. Some interventional technologies that have been developed for bed mattresses including reactive foam, static air, water, fiber, gel surfaces, and air‐fluidized ceramic beads along with active approaches including alternating pressure air surfaces, large‐celled ripple mattresses. Active alternating pressure air surfaces are made of air‐cells that intermittently inflate and deflate via electrically powered air compressors to regularly redistribute the pressure under the body. These mattress developments are slowly being applied to chairs. Despite the advantages of alternating pressure air surfaces, this type of surface in a chair overlay is not in ordinary widespread use due to cost, patient discomfort associated with inflation/deflation motion, compressor noise, and energy consumption. We propose an innovative low-cost chair design approach that achieves the functionality of an alternative pressure surface mattress without the need for electricity or compressed air. We hypothesize that the proposed chair will be suitable for widespread adoption both in long-term care facilities and private residences. It will be particularly useful in low-resource care environments. A prototype chair will be developed and evaluated.