Dispersal and Phylogeography of Aedes aegypti

埃及伊蚊的传播和系统发育地理学

• 批准号: 7074420
• 负责人: SABINE Susanne LOEW
• 金额: $ 21.45万
• 依托单位: ILLINOIS STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-01 至 2010-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7074420
• 关键词: Aedes; emotions; genes; genetics; human

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project investigates the spatial distribution of genetic variation at mitochondrial and micro-satellite loci for the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, in South Florida. Aedes aegypti is a container-dwelling mosquito that is a major vector of yellow fever and dengue viruses. Dispersal, colonization, and re-colonization (e.g., following control efforts) by Aedes aegypti are thus crucial processes for understanding population structure of this extremely important species, and for understanding its potential for spreading, which may erode local vector control efforts and potentially impact human health. We combine molecular population genetics, phylogeography, landscape ecology, and GIS to test two hypotheses about dispersal, gene flow, and population structure of Ae. aegypti in S. Florida. HYPOTHESIS 1: Container permanence and human transport affect genetic structure and dispersal pattern of Aedes aegypti at the scale of the urban area. To test this hypothesis, we will quantify differences in gene flow patterns arising from different amounts of natural and human-aided dispersal for populations found in permanent vs. ephemeral containers in Tampa and Miami. HYPOTHESIS 2: Dispersal corridors and barriers determined by human land use affect gene flow patterns in Aedes aegypti at the scale of the Florida peninsula. To test this hypothesis we will conduct a phylogeographic analysis of Ae. aegypti populations on the east and west coasts of south Florida, applying the tools of GIS and correlating our measures of genetic and geographis distances among populations. This proposed work is significant because: 1) It will contribute to the understanding of dispersal, gene flow, and colonization of this very important vector, and indicate likely dispersal routes and geographic scale over which re-colonization (e.g., after eradication) may occur. A subtropical climate and human immigration from the tropics make Florida the area of the continental US most likely to become a focus for Ae. aegypti borne viruses. 2) It will provide a model for approaches to investigating similar questions for other mosquitoes within human dominated landscapes. Our geographic sampling strategy, use of differentially informative mtDNA and microsatellite DMA markers, integration of GIS analysis, and explicit testing of hypotheses about patterns of gene flow can be generalized to address similar questions for other mosquitoes.

描述(申请人提供)：这个项目调查了南佛罗里达州黄热病蚊子埃及伊蚊线粒体和微卫星基因座的遗传变异的空间分布。埃及伊蚊是一种生活在集装箱中的蚊子，是黄热病和登革热病毒的主要传播媒介。因此，埃及伊蚊的扩散、定居和重新定居(例如，在采取控制措施之后)是了解这一极其重要物种的种群结构和了解其传播潜力的关键过程，这可能会侵蚀当地的媒介控制努力，并可能影响人类健康。我们将分子种群遗传学、系统地理学、景观生态学和地理信息系统相结合，验证了关于Ae的扩散、基因流动和种群结构的两个假说。佛罗里达州南部的埃及伊蚊。假设1：集装箱持久性和人类运输在城市范围内影响埃及伊蚊的遗传结构和传播模式。为了验证这一假设，我们将量化在坦帕和迈阿密的永久和短暂容器中发现的种群自然和人工辅助扩散的不同数量的基因流模式的差异。假设2：由人类土地利用决定的传播走廊和屏障影响佛罗里达半岛规模的埃及伊蚊的基因流动模式。为了验证这一假设，我们将对Ae进行系统地理分析。在佛罗里达州南部东海岸和西海岸的埃及伊蚊种群，应用地理信息系统的工具，并将我们测量的遗传距离和地理距离在种群之间进行关联。这项拟议的工作具有重要意义，因为：1)它将有助于了解这种非常重要的媒介的传播、基因流动和定殖化，并指出可能发生重新定殖化的扩散路线和地理规模(例如，在根除后)。亚热带气候和来自热带的人类移民使佛罗里达成为美国大陆最有可能成为Ae的焦点的地区。埃及伊蚊传播病毒。2)它将为研究人类主导景观中其他蚊子的类似问题提供一个模型。我们的地理采样策略、使用信息不同的mtDNA和微卫星DMA标记、集成地理信息系统分析以及对基因流动模式的假设进行显式检验，都可以推广到解决其他蚊子的类似问题。