Political Geography - The 'geographical imaginary' centred on the physical landscape of the Carpathian basin, and the formulation of national-populist

这篇论文将探讨匈牙利政治精英的意义和共鸣，努力（重新）产生一个国家的地理想象集中在喀尔巴阡山脉盆地的物理景观。该项目将独特地将地缘政治文化（Toal 2017）的概念与地理学（Said 1978; Gregory 1994）相结合，以深入了解匈牙利民族民粹主义趋势的形成以及这一物理景观的地缘政治，社会和文化相关性。在女权主义地理学框架下，将突出女性身份的声音，以探讨这一概念是如何在男性主导的话语中占主导地位，以及如何被那些在讨论中没有代表的人所理解。借鉴Brubaker（2020）对民粹主义的概念化，本研究还将重点关注匈牙利民族民粹主义叙事所带来的不同地缘政治文化和价值观挑战的区域视角，将这种知识和观点理解为“情境”。随着人们对匈牙利治理新模式的日益关注（Scott 2021; Merabishvili 2022），该项目将为发展中的民粹主义趋势提供重要的说明。在整个研究过程中对欧盟和区域发展的关注也使其对政策领域具有重要意义。

This proposed thesis will investigate the meanings and resonance of Hungarian political elites efforts to (re-)produce a geographical imaginary of the nation centred on the physical landscape of the Carpathian basin. This project will uniquely integrate the concept of geopolitical cultures (Toal 2017) with geographical imaginaries (Said 1978; Gregory 1994) to draw new insight into the formation of national-populist trends in Hungary and the geopolitical, social, and cultural relevance of this physical landscape. Under a feminist geography framework, female-identifying voices will be highlighted to explore how this notion is predominantly proclaimed in male-dominated discourses and how it is understood by those not represented within the discussions. Drawing on Brubaker's (2020) conceptualisation of populism, this research will additionally focus on regional perspectives towards the challenges of differing geopolitical cultures and values posed by national-populist narratives in Hungary, understanding this knowledge and perspectives as 'situated'. With growing concern about the emerging patterns of Hungarian governance (Scott 2021; Merabishvili 2022), this project will provide a vital account of developing populist trends. The attention given to the EU and regional development throughout this research additionally allows it to be of significant relevance to policy spheres.