Indicators of Recreational Water Contamination and Illness

娱乐用水污染和疾病指标

• 批准号: 7100352
• 负责人: JOHN M COLFORD
• 金额: $ 47.7万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-01 至 2011-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7100352
• 关键词: Adenoviridae; Enterococcus; bacterial disease; biomarker; clinical research; coliphages; communicable disease control; cooperative study; disease /disorder proneness /risk; environmental exposure; environmental health; epidemiology; fluorimetry; gastroenteritis; health care policy; health related legal; human subject; interview; longitudinal human study; nucleic acid quantitation /detection; statistics /biometry; transportation /recreation safety; virus diseases; water pollution; water sampling /testing

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In 2002, our group was asked by NAS/NRC to review all evidence linking water quality indicators to human health. We published these results as a meta-analysis (Wade et al. 2003). Traditional indicators (total coliform, fecal coliform, and Enterococcus) are problematic because prolonged analysis times (18-96 hours) make timely warnings difficult. Advances in microbiologic techniques are now pronounced and justify a comparison of current indicators with more rapidly measured new indicators. Additionally, important advances in statistical methods (such as the estimation of multivariate dose-response functions using inverse-probability of exposure weighting) have not been used to investigate the possibility of important multivariate relationships of these indicators to health and prediction. As preparation, we conducted a study at 6 San Diego beaches in 2003. We enrolled 12,458 beach users, recorded detailed swimming histories and collected illness data for 14 days. We collected hourly water samples at sites linked to the swimmer locations. We present analyses of this pilot data showing our ability to detect risk from swimming and a strong association with health outcomes of 1 novel indicator (F+ coliphage) used in the pilot. We present newly released EPA data showing a strong correlation between gastrointestinal (Gl) illness and Enterococcus measured by rapid QPCR (same method we use) in a freshwater site. We propose, over 4 summers, to enroll at least 17,600 beach users at Doheny Beach (one of California's most contaminated public beaches) using the same design and expanding our indicator testing to include rapid methods and viral agents from water samples spatially linked to each swimmer. Our 2003 pilot study research team is entirely intact (UC Berkeley, SCCWRP, Harvard, UNO, OHSU) and now has been joined by the NOAA Hollings Marine Lab. Decisions about beach closures have enormous economic implications. If successful, we will quantify the relationship between health and novel rapid methods for traditional indicators as well as viral indicators.

描述（由申请人提供）：2002年，NAS/NRC要求我们的小组审查所有将水质指标与人类健康联系起来的证据。我们将这些结果作为荟萃分析发表（Wade等，2003）。传统指标（总大肠菌，粪便大肠菌群和肠球菌）是有问题的，因为延长分析时间（18-96小时）使及时警告变得困难。现在，微生物技术的进步明显，并证明了与新指标更快的当前指标进行比较。此外，尚未使用统计方法的重要进步（例如，使用持续权加权的逆概率估算多元剂量反应函数）未用于研究这些指标与健康和预测的重要多元关系的可能性。作为准备工作，我们于2003年在圣地亚哥6号海滩进行了一项研究。我们招募了12,458个海滩用户，记录了14天的详细游泳历史和收集的疾病数据。我们在与游泳者相关的地点的地点收集了小时的水样。我们介绍了该试验数据的分析，表明我们可以从游泳中检测风险以及与试验中使用的1个新型指标（F+ Coliphage）的健康结果有很强的联系。我们提供了新发布的EPA数据，显示了胃肠道（GL）疾病与通过快速QPCR（我们使用的相同方法）在淡水部位测量的肠球菌之间存在很强的相关性。我们建议使用相同的设计并扩展我们的指示器测试，以包括与每位游泳者的水样相同的设计和扩展的指标测试，以在Doheny Beach（加利福尼亚州最受污染的公共海滩之一）中注册至少17,600个海滩用户（加利福尼亚州最受污染的公共海滩之一）。我们2003年的试点研究团队完全完好无损（UC Berkeley，SCCWRP，Harvard，UNO，OHSU），现在已与NOAA Hollings Marine Lab一起加入。关于封闭海滩的决定具有巨大的经济影响。如果成功，我们将量化传统指标和病毒指标的健康与新型快速方法之间的关系。