Neurological Outcomes Among Pesticide Applicators

农药施用者的神经系统结果

• 批准号: 7121256
• 负责人: Fredric Gerr
• 金额: $ 59.33万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-09 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7121256
• 关键词: acetylcholinesterase; agriculture worker; clinical research; cytochrome P450; environmental exposure; enzyme inhibitors; epidemiology; esterase; gene environment interaction; genetic polymorphism; glutathione transferase; human subject; insecticide biological effect; insecticides; neurophysiology; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; neurotoxicology; occupational hazard; organophosphorus insecticide; pest control; pesticides

Acetylcholinesterase inhibiting pesticides (i.e., organophosphate (OP) and carbamate pesticides) are widely used in the US and worldwide. Long-term neurological and neurobehavioral health effects of exposure to these pesticides are not well characterized. The investigators propose an epidemiological investigation of associations between long-term organophosphate and carbamate pesticide exposure and neurological and neurobehavioral health outcomes among approximately 700 pesticide applicators in Iowa and North Carolina (350 per state). Study participants will be recruited from among pesticide applicators currently enrolled in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS), a federally funded cohort study of licensed pesticide applicators from Iowa and North Carolina. Detailed information about individual exposure to a wide range of pesticides is available from the AHS. Applicators have been observed to experience wide variation in cumulative pesticide exposure making them suitable for investigation of health effects. Neurological and neurobehavioral health outcomes will be assessed with a battery of validated neurobehavioral tests that have been used successfully in previous investigations of neurotoxicant exposed individuals. The Primary Aim of the proposed investigation is to examine associations between cumulative lifetime exposure to the sum of all OP and carbamate pesticides and performance on selected measures of peripheral and central neurological function while controlling for effects of known covariates. A Secondary Aim of the proposal is to examine the effect of polymorphisms of paraoxonase, cytochromes P450, and glutathione-S-transferases (potential genetic modifiers of OP pesticide effect) on the association between exposure to OP pesticides and neurological and neuropsychological measures.

乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制农药（即，有机磷酸酯（OP）和氨基甲酸酯农药）在美国和全世界广泛使用。长期接触这些农药对神经和神经行为健康的影响还没有得到很好的表征。研究人员建议对爱荷华州和北卡罗来纳州（每个州350人）约700名农药施用者进行长期有机磷和氨基甲酸酯农药暴露与神经和神经行为健康结果之间的关联的流行病学调查。研究参与者将从目前参加农业健康研究（AHS）的农药施用者中招募，AHS是一项由联邦政府资助的队列研究，研究对象是来自爱荷华州和北卡罗来纳州的持牌农药施用者。有关个人接触多种农药的详细信息可从AHS获得。据观察，施药者在累积农药暴露方面的差异很大，这使他们适合调查健康影响。将采用一系列经验证的神经行为测试评估神经和神经行为健康结局，这些测试已成功用于神经毒物暴露个体的既往调查。拟议调查的主要目的是检查所有OP和氨基甲酸酯农药的累积终生暴露量与外周和中枢神经功能选定指标的表现之间的关联，同时控制已知协变量的影响。该提案的第二个目的是研究对氧磷酶、细胞色素P450和谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶（OP农药效应的潜在遗传修饰剂）多态性对OP农药暴露与神经和神经心理学指标之间关联的影响。