Perennial crops for sustainable cities

城市农业（UA）越来越被认为是一种更可持续的粮食生产战略。UA还可以增加城市居民的健康和福祉，减少城市的变暖和空气污染，并为野生动物提供栖息地。有证据表明，小规模的UA可以和传统农业一样多产，而且通常使用更少的合成肥料。但是，仍然必须考虑到UA所涉及的资源使用的各个方面，以确保它真正可持续。多年生作物如果树和灌木可能为减少UA的资源利用提供多种好处。它们不需要每年重新种植，从而减少了土壤侵蚀，并提供了碳储存。它们可能需要较少的劳动力，并且可以通过为野生动物提供食物和全年的庇护所来促进生物多样性。多年生作物也可能更能适应授粉和其他资源限制，因为资源在生长季节之间会被分流。目的与方法：1 .系统回顾UA多年生作物的利弊，找出知识空白；2 .与种植者合作，利用公民科学，收集在UA的多年生、一年生和混合种植中资源使用（水、化学、劳动力、财政）的数据；3 .使用调查问卷来确定对非洲多年生作物的态度，例如，种植和消费这些作物（包括抗灾能力强和不太常见的作物）的意愿，以及使用这些作物的好处和障碍；进行授粉亏缺试验，评估多年生作物对传粉者限制的恢复能力。

First rotation Perennial crops for sustainable citiesUrban agriculture (UA) is increasingly recognised as a strategy for more sustainable food production. UA can also increase the health and wellbeing of urban residents, reduce warming and air pollution in cities, and provide habitat for wildlife. Evidence suggests that small-scale UA can be as productive as conventional farming, and typically uses fewer synthetic fertilisers. However, considerations must still be given to all aspects of resource use involved in UA to ensure it is truly sustainable.Perennial crops such as fruit trees and shrubs may offer multiple benefits for reducing resource use in UA. They don't need to be replanted annually, leading to less soil erosion, and providing carbon storage. They may require less labour and could offer biodiversity benefits by providing food and year-round shelter for wildlife. Perennial crops may also be more resilient to pollination and other resource limitations due to shunting of resources between growing seasons.Aims and methods:1. Conduct a systematic review of the pros/cons of perennial crops in UA, identifying knowledge gaps;2. Work with growers, using citizen science, to collect data on resource use (water, chemical,labour, financial) in perennial, annual and mixed plantings in UA;3. Use questionnaires to identify attitudes towards perennial crops in UA e.g. the willingness togrow and consume such crops (including resilient and less commonly grown crops)and the perceived benefits and barriers to use;4. Conduct pollination deficit experiments to assess the resilience of perennial crops to pollinator limitation.