Cortical Reorganization in Children with Unilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss

单侧感音神经性听力损失儿童的皮质重组

• 批准号: 7228438
• 负责人: VANESSA JEAN SCHMITHORST
• 金额: $ 13.1万
• 依托单位: CINCINNATI CHILDRENS HOSP MED CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-05-01 至 2011-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7228438
• 关键词: Academic achievement; Adult; Audiology; Auditory; Bilateral; Bilateral Hearing Loss; Biometry; Brain; Brain region; Child; Childhood; Clinical Management; Contralateral; Data; Development; Ear; Education; Educational Curriculum; Equation; Event; Exhibits; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Hearing; Hearing Aids; Hearing Impaired Persons; Inferior frontal gyrus; Investigation; Ipsilateral; K-Series Research Career Programs; Knowledge; Language; Left; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maps; Measures; Mentors; Mentorship; Modeling; Neuroanatomy; Neuronal Plasticity; Noise; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Performance; Physics; Population; Process; Public Health; Research; Research Personnel; Research Training; School-Age Population; Sensorineural Hearing Loss; Sensory; Side; Signal Transduction; Sound Localization; Speech; Structure; Superior temporal gyrus; Supervision; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training; Unilateral Hearing Loss; United States; Work; auditory pathway; auditory stimulus; base; bone; design; experience; hearing impairment; improved; independent component analysis; language processing; neuroimaging; programs; relating to nervous system; remediation; response; skills; speech recognition; trend

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this K25 Mentored Quantitative Research Career Development Award is to enable the candidate to develop expertise in the fields of pediatric audiology, biostatistics, and functional neuroanatomy, in the context of a research plan investigating cortical reorganization in children with severe-to-profound unilateral sensorineural hearing loss (USNHL) using functional MRI (fMRI) techniques specifically designed for use in a hearing-impaired pediatric population. The five-year training plan involves a structured curriculum of coursework, seminars, and independent study, under the supervision of a mentorship and advisory team which includes an interdisciplinary group of researchers with expertise in functional neuroimaging, functional neuroanatomy and brain development, unilateral hearing impairment, pediatric audiology, clinical management of hearing-impaired children, and central auditory processing in children. The training and research experience provided by this K25 Mentored Career Development Award will enable the candidate to successfully transition from a background in physics to become an independent biomedical researcher with special application to neuroimaging of auditory function and processing in children. The research plan involves three specific aims: 1) mapping differences in cortical representation for baselevel auditory and language processing between children with USNHL and normal controls; 2) differentiating performance in central auditory processing tasks and academic achievement between children with USNHL and normal controls; and 3) associating deficits in central auditory processing in children with USNHL with deficits in brain functional connectivity. The relevance of the research to public health is the general knowledge gained about neuroplasticity in children with USNHL, and whether performance deficits for central auditory processing tasks such as interpreting speech-in-noise are associated with persistent deficits in the necessary functional connectivity in the brain for these tasks. Should the cortical reorganization following USNHL be insufficient to compensate for the lack of binaural sensory input for central auditory processing tasks such as interpreting speech-innoise, children with USNHL may have a greater need for remediation techniques such as FM amplification systems than previously recognized.

描述(由申请者提供)：K25指导量化研究职业发展奖的目标是使候选人能够在儿科听力学、生物统计学和功能神经解剖学领域发展专业知识，在研究计划的背景下，利用专门为听力受损儿童设计的功能磁共振(FMRI)技术，调查患有严重到重度单侧感音神经性耳聋(USNHL)的儿童的皮质重组。这项为期五年的培训计划包括一套结构化的课程，包括课程作业、研讨会和独立研究，在导师和咨询团队的监督下，该团队包括一个跨学科的研究小组，这些研究人员具有功能神经成像、功能神经解剖学和脑发育、单侧听力障碍、儿科听力学、听力障碍儿童的临床管理和儿童中央听觉处理方面的专业知识。此次K25导师职业发展奖提供的培训和研究经验将使候选人成功地从物理学背景过渡到独立的生物医学研究人员，特别应用于儿童听觉功能和处理的神经成像。该研究计划涉及三个具体目标：1)定位USNHL儿童和正常对照组之间基本听觉和语言处理的皮质表征的差异；2)区分USNHL儿童和正常对照组在中枢听觉处理任务和学习成绩方面的表现；以及3)将USNHL儿童的中央听觉处理缺陷与大脑功能连接缺陷联系起来。这项研究与公共健康的相关性是获得了关于USNHL儿童神经可塑性的一般知识，以及中央听觉处理任务(如在噪音中翻译语音)的表现缺陷是否与这些任务所需大脑功能连接的持续缺陷有关。如果USNHL后的皮质重组不足以弥补缺乏双耳感觉输入来完成中央听觉处理任务，如口译语言纯真，USNHL儿童可能比以前认识到的更需要补救技术，如FM放大系统。