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Neurobiological bases of drug abuse: Novel techniques

药物滥用的神经生物学基础：新技术

基本信息

批准号：
7231410
负责人：
STEVEN BRADLEY LOWEN
金额：
$ 15.64万
依托单位：
MCLEAN HOSPITAL
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2003-08-10 至 2009-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7231410
关键词：
Address Affect Auditory Award Behavior Behavioral Biological Brain Brain imaging Compatible Computer software Cues Data Data Analyses Data Set Development Diffusion Drug abuse Effectiveness Electrical Engineering Emotional Engineering Financial compensation Fractals Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Funding Funding Mechanisms Goals Grant Human Imaging Techniques Imaging technology Laboratory Research Magnetic Resonance Imaging Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Measurement Measures Mentors Methods Modality Morphologic artifacts Motion National Institute of Drug Abuse Neurobiology Neurologic Neurosciences Noise Odors Pharmaceutical Preparations Pharmacology Physiological Plague Population Protocols documentation Psychopharmacology Relapse Research Research Design Research Personnel Research Project Grants Research Training Resolution Response to stimulus physiology Role Rotation Scanning Scientist Sensory Signal Transduction Software Validation Source Stimulus Substance abuse problem System Systems Analysis Techniques Technology Testing TimeLine Training Training Programs United States National Institutes of Health Ursidae Family Visual Work Writing addiction base career craving drug of abuse drug reward experience human subject improved magnetic field novel programs

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a request for 5 years of funding through the "Mentored Quantitative Research Career Award" (K25) mechanism. The applicant, a biomedical/electrical engineer, proposes a comprehensive training/research program in drug abuse and brain imaging. The long term goal of the applicant is to become an independent and interdisciplinary investigator, skilled in the application of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) methods for the study of substance abuse research. The research component of the award will develop and improve fMRI techniques for the study of substance abuse and addiction in human subjects. Current fMRI technology suffers from three shortcomings which limit its usefulness in a drug-abuse context. First, stimuli for craving studies are limited to auditory and visual modalities, while odors are known to cause powerful emotional effects. Second, motion artifacts remain a serious problem in fMRI studies, especially for drug-dependent populations. No independent verification of motion currently exists, and motion compensation software is not reliable. Third, slowly varying physiological "noise" comprises the major signal component of fMRI data sets, often swamping the effect being measured. Current data analysis methods attempt to exclude this noise from analysis, but the noise remains a critical limitation of all current fMRI data analysis paradigms. Three separate technical development efforts are proposed. First, an odor delivery system, compatible with the high magnetic fields in the fMRI scanner, will be developed and reduced to practice. This system will enable fMRI studies of craving induced by odor, known to be a potent modality. Second, a motion analysis system will be used to obtain accurate measurements of subject motion during scans. After validation, software phantoms will be developed, and together with the motion analysis system will evaluate available motion analysis packages. Finally, motion data will be incorporated into scanner function, so that resulting fMRI data will be almost free of motion artifacts. Third, a wavelet-based fractal analysis of fMRI data will be developed. This method focuses on the slowly varying physiological "noise" which plagues other analysis techniques, turning a liability into an asset and our work shows that it readily highlights drug effects. The training plan will include coursework in neuroscience, pharmacology, and drug abuse; seminars in responsible conduct of research; laboratory rotations; grant writing experience; and regular meetings with the mentors. The timeline of the training will be matched to coincide with the progress of the research projects.

描述（由申请人提供）：这是一项通过“指导定量研究职业奖”（K25）机制获得5年资助的请求。申请人是一名生物医学/电气工程师，提出了一项药物滥用和脑成像方面的综合培训/研究计划。申请人的长期目标是成为一名独立的跨学科研究者，熟练应用功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）方法进行药物滥用研究。该奖项的研究部分将开发和改进功能磁共振成像技术，用于研究人类受试者的药物滥用和成瘾。目前的功能磁共振成像技术有三个缺点，限制了它在药物滥用方面的实用性。首先，渴望研究的刺激仅限于听觉和视觉方式，而气味已知会引起强烈的情绪影响。其次，运动伪影仍然是fMRI研究中的一个严重问题，特别是对于药物依赖人群。目前没有独立的运动验证，运动补偿软件也不可靠。第三，缓慢变化的生理“噪音”包括功能磁共振成像数据集的主要信号成分，经常淹没被测量的效果。目前的数据分析方法试图从分析中排除这种噪声，但噪声仍然是当前所有fMRI数据分析范例的关键限制。提出了三项单独的技术开发工作。首先，一个气味传递系统，兼容功能磁共振成像扫描仪中的高磁场，将被开发和减少到实践中。这个系统将使功能磁共振成像研究的渴望引起的气味，已知是一个强大的方式。其次，将使用运动分析系统来获得扫描期间受试者运动的准确测量值。确认后，将开发软件模型，并与运动分析系统一起评估可用的运动分析包。最后，运动数据将被纳入扫描仪的功能，使所产生的功能磁共振成像数据将几乎是免费的运动伪影。第三，将开发基于小波的fMRI数据分形分析。这种方法专注于缓慢变化的生理“噪音”，这困扰着其他分析技术，把一个负债变成一个资产，我们的工作表明，它很容易突出药物的影响。培训计划将包括神经科学，药理学和药物滥用的课程;负责任地进行研究的研讨会;实验室轮换;赠款写作经验;以及与导师的定期会议。培训的时间轴将与研究项目的进展相匹配。