Heroines and Victims: how was the category of "comfort women" created in China?

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Comfort women' were women forced into sexual slavery by the Japanese military during the Asia-Pacific War (1937-1945). They have become symbolic of Japanese wartime atrocities across East Asia. Existing research has focused on the number of survivors, locations of 'comfort stations,' and the origins of 'comfort systems' with less attention being paid to the women themselves. This is particularly the case in China. This project explores the multiple identities of Chinese comfort women and how their lives were influenced by narratives of heroism and victimhood promoted by China's socialist government after 1949.