Fault Tolerant Current Limiting Superconducting Cable for Cryo-Electrified Systems

目前，铜铝基电缆是最常用的设备，以提供所需的能源，但他们有高的功率损耗，巨大的重量，和大尺寸[1]，b[2]。高温超导电缆（HTS）是解决这些问题的一种方法，特别是对于连接到海上风力涡轮机的电网。与传统的铜缆相比，HTS电缆可以提供5-10倍的功率和3-5倍的体积。这是由于与传统导体相比，高温超导材料的载流能力更高。此外，由于超导体的性质，高温超导电缆的能量损失几乎为零。高温超导电缆是电力运输应用以及电力系统设备，特别是风力发电场的一个很有前途的选择。尽管高温超导电缆提供了广泛的能量传输机会，但由于故障期间温度迅速上升，它们极易受到故障电流的影响。因此，这不仅会危及电力系统的安全和稳定，而且还会引起经济问题，因为高温（400k以上）导致高温电缆隔离时，能量传输将停止。这就是“容错限流（FTCL）”HTS电缆作为一种可行的解决方案可以发挥重要作用的地方。在这个博士项目中，我们的目标是设计和开发一种实验室规模的FTCL-HTS电缆，它能够承受数百次循环的短路故障而不会烧毁。这种电缆可以进一步用于电网应用、电气化交通工具，如高速列车、电动船舶和氢动力飞机。

Currently, copper-and-aluminum-based cables are the most common devices to deliver the demanded energy by the costumersbut they have high power loss, massive weight, and large size [1],[2]. High temperature superconducting (HTS) cable is a solution to these problems, especially for grids connected to offshore wind turbines. HTS cables can deliver 5-10 times higher power and have 3-5 times compacter sized compared to their conventional copper counterparts [3]. This is due to higher current carrying capacity of HTS materials compared with conventional conductors. Also, due to the nature of superconductors, the amount of energy loss in HTS cables is about zero. The HTS cables are a promising option for electric transportation applications as well as for power system apparatuses, especially those with wind farms.Although HTS cables offer a wide range of opportunities for energy transfer, they are highly vulnerable against fault currents,due to that the rapid temperature rise during faults. Consequently, this would not only jeopardize the safety and stability of power system but also, will cause economic concerns as energy transfer would be stopped when HTS cable is isolated because of high temperature (above 400 K) [4],[5]. This is where "fault tolerant current limiting (FTCL)" HTS cable can play a significant role as a feasible solution. In this PhD program, we aim to design and develop a lab-scale FTCL-HTS cable that is able to tolerate short circuit faults for hundreds of cycles without the possibility of burnout. This cable could be further used in power grid applications, electrified transportations such as high-speed trains, electric ships, and hydrogen-electric aircraft.