'Can you stop a PDC?' Assessing the impact of natural and engineered barriers on deadly volcanic flows in the built environment.

“你能阻止 PDC 吗？”

• 批准号: 2890298
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Hull
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2890298
• 关键词: stop; PDC; Assessing; impact; natural

Pyroclastic density currents (PDC) are dangerous volcanic flows with the potential to surmount topographic highs and pose a risk to nearby communities. Conversely, other PDCs have been observed as being deflected by much smaller topographic barriers. Millions of people live in areas at risk from PDCs, so it is essential to better understand these dangerous volcanic flows. My central research question is what are the effects of topography on the flow characteristics of dense granular PDCs? In this context, topography can refer to natural topography or man-made structures such as buildings or engineered barriers.Flume experiments will be used to simulate aerated and fluidised flows, analogous to natural PDCs, to quantify the effect of different topographies (e.g. barriers) on the flow characteristics (e.g. flow-front velocity, runout length) of dense granular PDCs. Different topographies will be set up on the bed of the flume over which the experimental currents will flow.In this project I will be collaborating with my supervisors: Dr Rebecca Williams, Dr Natasha Dowey, Dr Pete Rowley, and Dr Rob Thomas. Envisaged outputs will include my thesis. Plus I aim to publish three papers (one each year) during the project.There are few 'traditional ethical concerns' as I am not working with people or animals. However, there are still ethical concerns related to my project. My project directly carries on from preliminary work carried out by a former Masters student to test the experimental setup so I have ethical considerations regarding the use of his data. I have gained the necessary permissions from him and his supervisors. There are ethical considerations more broadly in studying a volcanic hazard which has caused fatalities. I must be mindful of this fact and maintain a stoic and respectful attitude when conducting my research. There is an ongoing diversity crisis in earth sciences more generally, including within volcanology. This includes the under-representation of women, ethnic minorities, and scientists/authors from countries in which the studied volcanoes are located. During my project I will be mindful of this and where possible and appropriate, include contributors from under-represented groups

火山碎屑密度电流（PDC）是危险的火山流，有可能刺激地形高点并对附近社区构成风险。相反，其他PDC被认为被较小的地形屏障偏转。数以百万计的人居住在PDC的风险中，因此必须更好地了解这些危险的火山流。我的中心研究问题是，地形对密集颗粒PDC的流动特征有什么影响？在这种情况下，地形可以指的是自然地形或人为的结构，例如建筑物或工程屏障。将使用类似于自然PDC的充气和流化的流量来模拟和流化的流量，以量化不同的地形（例如屏障）对流动特征的影响（例如，流动性veLoctity veloctity velocity，runout lange）的效果。将在水槽的床上设置不同的地形，实验电流将在该水槽的床上进行。设想的输出将包括我的论文。另外，我的目标是在项目期间发表三篇论文（一份）。由于我不与人或动物合作，因此很少有“传统的道德问题”。但是，仍然存在与我的项目有关的道德问题。我的项目直接从一名前硕士学生进行的初步工作中进行测试，以测试实验设置，因此我对使用他的数据有道德考虑。我从他和他的主管那里获得了必要的许可。在研究造成死亡的火山危害方面，人们更广泛地考虑了道德考虑。我必须注意这一事实，并在进行研究时保持坚忍而尊重的态度。地球科学中存在持续的多样性危机，包括火山学内部。这包括妇女，少数民族的代表性不足，以及来自研究火山所在的国家/地区的科学家/作者。在我的项目期间，我会注意到这一点，并在可能的情况下，包括代表性不足的团体的贡献者