Growing biohybrid scaffolds in the lab: Controlling the culture environment to create biohybrid scaffolds with pre-determined compositions and functio

为了促进组织工程的广泛临床应用，重要的是创建具有正确结构、生物学和机械特性的现成支架。合成支架、天然聚合物和脱细胞组织在功能性、机械性能、可用性或有效去除细胞物质方面存在限制其成功的缺点，生物杂化支架联合收割机结合了生物组分和合成支架的优点，避免了这些缺点。通过在合成支架上体外培养产生ECM的细胞，然后使所得构建体脱细胞化而产生的生物杂交支架也具有复制天然组织的复杂性的潜力。然而，很少关注优化和控制ECM的数量和结构或促进生物分子的特定制剂的产生所需的条件。此外，大多数脱细胞化过程是针对离体组织开发的。这些过程对实验室生长的和不太成熟的ECM的单个组分的影响特征不佳，需要进行重大优化。

To facilitate widespread clinical use of tissue engineering it is important to create off-the-shelf scaffolds with the correct architecture, biological and mechanical properties. Synthetic scaffolds, natural polymers and decellularized tissues have drawbacks in functionality, mechanical properties, availability, or effective removal of cellular material that limit their success.Biohybrid scaffolds combine the advantages of biological components with synthetic scaffolds to avoid these drawbacks. Biohybrid scaffolds generated by culturing ECM-producing cells in vitro on synthetic scaffolds and then decellularizing the resulting construct also have the potential to replicate the complexity of native tissue. However, there is little attention placed on optimising and controlling the quantity and structure of the ECM or the conditions required to promote the generation of specific formulations of biomolecules. Furthermore, most decellularization processes were developed for ex vivo tissues. The impact of these processes on the individual components of lab grown and less mature ECM is poorly characterised and requires significant optimisation.