Mechanisms for differential effects of dietary fatty acids on metabolism

膳食脂肪酸对代谢的不同影响机制

• 批准号: 7481656
• 负责人: Craig Lawrence Kien
• 金额: $ 3.33万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT & ST AGRIC COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-04-13 至 2011-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7481656
• 关键词: 1,2-diacylglycerol; Adult; Age; American Heart Association; Automobile Driving; Biochemical Pathway; Bioenergetics; Biogenesis; Biological Markers; Biopsy; Body Composition; Body fat; Candidate Disease Gene; Catabolism; Cholesterol; Chronic; Class; Collaborations; Complement; Consumption; DNA Microarray Chip; DNA Microarray format; Daily; Data; Development; Diet; Dietary Fatty Acid; Diglycerides; Education; Energy Metabolism; Enzymes; Exercise; Faculty; Family; Fasting; Fatty Acids; Female; Food; Gender Role; Gene Expression; Gene Targeting; Genes; Genetic Crossing Over; Genomics; Goals; Homeostasis; Human; Insulin Resistance; Intramuscular; Knockout Mice; Laboratories; Lead; Ligands; Lipids; Masks; Mass Spectrum Analysis; Measures; Mediating; Messenger RNA; Metabolic; Metabolic Diseases; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolism; Mitochondria; Molecular; Monounsaturated Fatty Acids; Mus; Muscle; Muscle Fibers; Muscle Mitochondria; Non obese; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Nonesterified Fatty Acids; Nuclear Hormone Receptors; Obesity; Oleate; Oleic Acid; Oleic Acids; Oligonucleotide Microarrays; Palmitic Acids; Pattern; Performance; Peripheral; Phenotype; Phospholipids; Play; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Property; Randomized; Receptor Activation; Recommendation; Reporting; Research Personnel; Resources; Respiratory Chain; Rest; Role; Saturated Fatty Acids; Serum; Site; Skeletal Muscle; Solid; Specimen; Spottings; Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase; Supplementation; Testing; Thinking; Time; Tissues; Triglycerides; Universities; Unsaturated Fatty Acids; Urine; Western Blotting; acylcarnitine; age related; animal data; base; fatty acid oxidation; feeding; gene induction; human subject; indexing; insulin sensitivity; insulin signaling; mRNA Expression; male; member; metabolomics; nutrition; organic acid; oxidation; programs; protein expression; receptor; respiratory; response; tool; uptake

Project Summary. Preliminary Data in young, non-obese, human subjects suggest that increasing dietary palmitic acid (PA) lowers daily non-resting energy expenditure, blunts the usual post-exercise rise in energy expenditure, and lowers fatty acid (FA) oxidation, while increasing dietary oleic acid (OA) enhances FA oxidation. However, the differential effects of dietary PA and OA on FA oxidation were greatly exaggerated in females, and the effects of the diets on non-resting energy expenditure were mostly confined to males. Preliminary data from studies in skeletal myocytes indicate that OA preferentially enhances peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-mediated induction of p-oxidative genes and that a high PA diet suppresses muscle expression of PPAR X co-activatora (PGC-1a), a transcriptional co-activator of the PPARs that also functions as a master molecular regulator of mitochondrial function. The PPARs are also thought to mediate the repressive effects of unsaturated FA on the expression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), an enzyme that catalyzes endogenous synthesis of OA. SCD1 knockout mice display increased whole-body and muscle fatty acid oxidation and are protected against obesity. Preliminary data show that OA down-regulates mRNA expression of SCD1. Less efficient mitochondrial FA oxidation may cause accumulation of intramyocellular lipids (e.g. diacylglycerol), which inhibits insulin signaling. The following Aims will be assessed in a double-masked, cross-over, feeding trial in 28 healthy, non-obese, adults, 18-40 yr of age, who will be fed in random order both a high PA diet and a high OA diet (each for 3 wk): 1. To investigate transcriptional reprogramming of skeletal muscle in response to a high oleic acid diet (HIOA)compared to a high palmitic acid diet (HI PA), with a focus on gene targets of the PPAR nuclear hormone receptors and the transcriptional co-activator, PGC-1a 2. To correlate diet-induced changes in whole-body fat oxidation and transcriptional reprogramming with systemic and intramuscular levels of various lipid- and mitochondrial-derived metabolites. 3. To measure diet-induced changes in muscle mRNA and protein expression of SCD1, as well as corresponding changes in the desaturation index of muscle lipids. 4. To evaluate the role of gender in modulating transcriptional and metabolic responses to specific dietary FA. Relevance. This project will provide important new information regarding how mitochondrial malfunction, modified by dietary FA, plays a central role in the development of obesity, the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and both heritable and age-related metabolic diseases

项目摘要。在年轻、非肥胖的人类受试者中的初步数据表明， 棕榈酸（PA）降低每日非休息时的能量消耗，减弱通常运动后的能量上升 消耗，并降低脂肪酸（FA）氧化，而增加膳食油酸（OA）可提高FA 氧化然而，日粮PA和OA对FA氧化的差异效应被大大夸大了 而饮食对非静息能量消耗的影响主要局限于雄性。 骨骼肌细胞研究的初步数据表明，OA优先增强过氧化物酶体 增殖物激活受体（PPAR）介导的p-氧化基因的诱导和高PA饮食 抑制PPARX共激活因子（PGC-1a）的肌肉表达，PGC-1a是一种转录共激活因子， PPARs也是线粒体功能的主要分子调节剂。ppar也是 被认为介导不饱和脂肪酸对硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶1表达的抑制作用 （SCD 1），一种催化OA的内源性合成的酶。SCD 1敲除小鼠显示 全身和肌肉脂肪酸氧化，防止肥胖。初步数据显示， OA下调SCD 1的mRNA表达。低效率的线粒体FA氧化可能导致 肌细胞内脂质（如甘油二酯）的积累，抑制胰岛素信号传导。以下 目的将在一项双盲、交叉、喂养试验中进行评估，试验对象为28名健康、非肥胖的成年人，年龄18-40岁。 岁，将以随机顺序喂食高PA饮食和高OA饮食（各持续3周）： 1.研究高油酸对骨骼肌转录重编程的影响 饮食（HIOA）与高棕榈酸饮食（HI PA）相比，重点关注PPAR的基因靶点 核激素受体和转录辅激活因子PGC-1a 2.将饮食诱导的全身脂肪氧化变化与转录重编程相关联 全身和肌内水平的各种脂质和线粒体衍生代谢物。 3.为了测量饮食诱导的肌肉SCD 1 mRNA和蛋白表达的变化，以及 肌肉脂质去饱和指数的相应变化。 4.评估性别在调节特定转录和代谢反应中的作用， 膳食FA 本案无关该项目将提供关于线粒体功能障碍， 在肥胖症、代谢综合征、2型糖尿病和肥胖症的发展中起着重要作用。 糖尿病，以及遗传性和年龄相关的代谢疾病