Body Burden of PAHs and Cardiovascular Disease in the United States

描述(申请人提供)：多环芳烃(PAHs)是由有机物质不完全燃烧产生的环境和职业致癌物质，例如来自烟草、煤炭和石油的物质。除了导致肺癌外，暴露于高水平的多环芳烃被认为会导致动脉粥样硬化，并导致心血管疾病发生率增加。考虑到可归因于烟草烟雾暴露、环境空气污染和职业危害的死亡人数，多环芳烃可能是心血管疾病高患病率和死亡率的重要因素。然而，多环芳烃与心血管疾病之间存在明确的暴露-反应关系尚未得到证实。虽然多环芳烃暴露在动物实验中已被证明与心血管疾病的指标有关，但这种关系在大量人类人口中还没有得到充分的研究。利用1999年以来收集的国家健康和护理检查调查(NHANES)的数据，这项拟议的研究将调查多环芳烃的尿代谢物与自我报告的心血管疾病和实验室指标之间的关系。关于个人的职业、接触烟草烟雾和居住在有清洁室内空气法规的地区的信息将被包括在内，以调查与PAH暴露相关的因素。具体目标是：1.确定暴露于多环芳烃(PAHs)是否与美国儿童和成人的临床和自我报告的心血管疾病指标有关。2.确定在家中或工作场所暴露于环境来源的多环芳烃(PAHs)是否与尿中PAHs代谢产物水平升高有关。3.确定在吸烟和接触二手烟的情况下，暴露于高水平环境空气污染是否与尿中多环芳烃代谢物水平升高有关。心血管疾病仍然是美国最大的死亡原因。了解多环芳烃暴露对心血管疾病发展的贡献将为预防心血管疾病的新策略提供重要的见解。这项拟议研究的结果可用于影响心血管疾病预防的政策决策和资源分配。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are environmental and occupational carcinogens that are produced by the incomplete combustion of organic material, such as that from tobacco, coal, and petroleum. In addition to causing lung cancer, exposure to high levels of PAHs is hypothesized to contribute to atherosclerosis and lead to increased rates of cardiovascular disease. Considering the number of deaths attributable to tobacco smoke exposure, ambient air pollution, and occupational hazards, PAHs may be a significant contributor to the high prevalence and mortality rate of cardiovascular disease. However, a clear exposure-response relationship between PAH and cardiovascular disease has not been demonstrated. While PAH exposure has been shown to be associated with indicators of cardiovascular disease in animal experiments, this relationship has not been studied adequately in large human populations. Using data from the National Health and Nurition Examination Survey (NHANES) collected since 1999, this proposed study will investigate associations between urinary metabolites of PAHs and self-reported and laboratory measures of cardiovascular disease. Information regarding individuals' occupation, exposure to tobacco smoke and residence in areas with clean indoor air laws will be included to investigate factors associated with PAH exposure. The specific aims are: 1. To determine if exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is associated with clinical and self- reported indicators of cardiovascular disease in children and adults in the U.S. 2. To determine if exposure to environmental sources of PAHs at home or in the workplace is associated with elevated levels of urinary metabolites of PAHs. 3. To determine if exposure to high levels of ambient air pollution is associated with elevated levels of urinary metabolites of PAHs when controlled for smoking status and exposure to secondhand smoke. Cardiovascular disease remains the single largest cause of death in the United States. Understanding the contribution of PAH exposure to the development of cardiovascular disease will provide important insight into new strategies to prevent cardiovascular disease. Results of this proposed study can be used to influence policy decisions and resource allocation for the prevention of cardiovascular disease.