Corticostriatal-hypothalamic circuitry and food reward

皮质纹状体-下丘脑回路和食物奖励

• 批准号: 7194345
• 负责人: BRIAN A BALDO
• 金额: $ 24.14万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-08-01 至 2009-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7194345
• 关键词: AMPA Receptors; Address; Adult; Affective; Amino Acids; Amygdaloid structure; Animal Feed; Appetitive Behavior; Area; Attention; Behavior Control; Behavioral; Biological; Brain; Brain Stem; Cannulas; Cell Nucleus; Code; Cognitive; Complex; Condition; Conscious; Consumption; Corpus striatum structure; Data; Decision Making; Desire for food; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease; Eating; Economic Factors; Emotional; Epidemic; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Feeding behaviors; Food; Gene Expression; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamate Receptor; Glutamates; Homeostasis; Human; Hypothalamic structure; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Hybridization; Individual; Ingestion; Insulin; Intake; Investigation; Lateral; Leptin; Life Style; Link; Maps; Measurement; Medial; Metabolic Control; Methodology; Molecular; Motivation; Motor; Names; Neurons; Neurosecretory Systems; Nucleus Accumbens; Numbers; Obesity; Opioid; Opioid Peptide; Output; Overweight; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Peripheral; Play; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Prosencephalon; Public Health; Rattus; Recruitment Activity; Regulation; Research; Rewards; Risk; Role; Stroke; Structure; Structure of nucleus infundibularis hypothalami; Sucrose; System; Testing; United States; Ventral Striatum; Work; cancer type; cognitive control; desire; endogenous opioids; energy balance; executive function; feeding; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; ghrelin; hypertensive heart disease; hypocretin; immunocytochemistry; interest; neural circuit; neuropeptide Y; preproenkephalin; receptor; relating to nervous system; research study; response; theories; trend

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Obesity is currently one of the major public health problems in the United States. Over 65% of the U.S. adult population is overweight. Obesity puts individuals at considerable risk for many disorders, such as heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, stroke, and certain types of cancer. Although there are a number of complex factors contributing to this trend, such as genetic predisposition, inactivity, lifestyle changes, and economic factors, the abundance and over consumption of calorically dense foods such as fats and sweets is largely responsible. Ingestion of food is required for survival, yet overabundance of energy-dense food has led to conditions that actually threaten survival. In the past decade, specific brain and peripheral systems involved in appetite control, particularly within the hypothalamus, have been discovered and characterized. However, relatively little is known about how brain networks involved in emotional regulation, executive function, and conscious control of behavior interact with hypothalamic energy balance-sensing systems. This would seem an important area of obesity research, as cognitive control, decision-making, and modulation of emotional responses in relation to the desire to eat are major determinants for the control of appetite in humans. Our work focuses on the role of the nucleus accumbens, a region within the ventral striatum, in the control of food motivation and food reward. We have shown that two main systems, one governed by endogenous opioid peptides and one by amino acid (GABA and glutamate) receptors, control certain aspects of ingestive behavior via connections with the lateral hypothalamus and other forebrain and brainstem regions. We aim to expand these investigations to study how cortical systems (i.e. the amygdala, gustatory cortex and prefrontal cortex) interact with ventral striatum and hypothalamus in the regulation of ingestive behavior. We will employ behavioral, pharmacological, neuroanatomical and molecular methodologies to address this question within an integrated, interdisciplinary framework.

描述（由申请人提供）：肥胖是目前美国主要的公共卫生问题之一。超过65%的美国成年人超重。肥胖使个体处于许多疾病的相当大的风险中，例如心脏病、高血压、糖尿病、中风和某些类型的癌症。虽然有许多复杂的因素促成了这一趋势，如遗传易感性，不活动，生活方式的改变和经济因素，丰富和过度消费的热量密集的食物，如脂肪和糖果是主要负责。食物的摄入是生存所必需的，然而过多的高能量食物已经导致了实际上威胁生存的条件。在过去的十年中，参与食欲控制的特定大脑和外周系统，特别是下丘脑，已经被发现和表征。然而，对于参与情绪调节、执行功能和行为意识控制的大脑网络如何与下丘脑能量平衡传感系统相互作用，人们知之甚少。这似乎是肥胖研究的一个重要领域，因为认知控制、决策和与进食欲望有关的情绪反应的调节是控制人类食欲的主要决定因素。我们的工作重点是腹侧纹状体内的一个区域，在食物动机和食物奖励的控制中的作用。我们已经表明，两个主要的系统，一个由内源性阿片肽和氨基酸（GABA和谷氨酸）受体，控制摄食行为的某些方面，通过与外侧下丘脑和其他前脑和脑干区域的连接。我们的目标是扩大这些调查，研究大脑皮层系统（即杏仁核，味觉皮层和前额叶皮层）如何与腹侧纹状体和下丘脑在摄食行为的调节相互作用。我们将采用行为，药理学，神经解剖学和分子方法来解决这个问题，在一个综合的，跨学科的框架。