CRCNS: Path Integration by the Grid Cell Network
CRCNS:网格单元网络的路径集成
基本信息
- 批准号:7286366
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 25.37万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2006
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2006-09-15 至 2009-07-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:AccountingAlzheimer&aposs DiseaseAnimal ModelAnimalsAreaAttentionBehaviorBrainBrain regionCaliberCategoriesCell NucleusCell modelCellsClassCognitionCognitiveConditionContractsDataDementiaEnvironmentEventExhibitsFire - disastersFunctional disorderHeadHead MovementsHippocampus (Brain)HumanInterdisciplinary StudyInvasiveKnowledgeLateralLeadLearningLesionLife ExperienceLocationMemoryMemory impairmentMental disordersModelingNeurobiologyNeuronsPatientsPatternPhasePopulationPositioning AttributeProcessPropertyPsychotic DisordersPurposeRateRattusRecurrenceResearchResearch PersonnelResidual stateRodentRoleRotationSchizophreniaSensorySignal TransductionSourceSurfaceSymptomsTestingTheoretical StudiesTheoretical modelThinkingVisitYin-Yangawakebaseentorhinal cortexmemory encodingneurophysiologynovelprogramsrelating to nervous systemresearch studyresponsespatial integration
项目摘要
DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Memory circuits in the hippocampus are critical for storing and retrieving information about our life experiences, allowing us to construct accurate representations of the world around us-a basic requirement for normal cognition and behavior. Dysfunction of hippocampal memory circuits can lead to devastating memory impairments, errors of cognition, dementia, and psychosis which are common psychiatric symptoms of schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, and other mental disorders. To develop better treatments for these conditions, it is essential to understand the cellular computations that support learning and memory in the hippocampus. Invasive neurophysiological experiments cannot be performed in humans, so much of what is known about cellular memory mechanisms has been learned from animal models, especially rodents. Rodents are very good at learning to navigate through familiar territories, and these abilities depend upon spatial memory circuits within the hippocampal and parahippocampal regions of the brain (as in humans). The rodent hippocampus contains neurons called "place cells" that fire selectively when the animal visits specific locations, providing a neural substrate for encoding memory representations of familiar spatial environments. However, it is not well understood how incoming signals from outside the hippocampus are processed by place cells to encode spatial memories. Very recently, it has been discovered that the rat entorhinal cortex contains a previously unknown population of neurons called "grid cells." As a rat navigates through a spatial environment, grid cells fire selectively at multiple locations which form a hexagonal grid pattern that tiles the surface of the environment with remarkable geometric precision. Entorhinal grid cells send dense projections to hippocampal place cells, suggesting that grid cells may provide the elementary building blocks from which the hippocampus constructs spatial memory representations. The research proposed here will combine theoretical modeling studies with neurophysiological recording and lesion experiments in awake rats to investigate how grid cells generate their remarkable hexagonal firing fields, and how these firing fields can serve as a computational basis set for constructing hippocampal memory representations. This interdisciplinary research plan holds immense potential to revolutionize our understanding of cortico-hippocampal interactions, by revealing how the cortex packages incoming sensory information about the world into a form that can be utilized by the hippocampus for constructing coherent memory representations of familiar locations, objects, and events. Knowledge gained from these studies could usher a new era of discovery leading to novel therapies for reducing the burden of cognitive and memory deficits in patients suffering from psychiatric disorders.
描述(由申请人提供):海马体中的记忆回路对于存储和检索有关我们生活经历的信息至关重要,使我们能够准确地表征周围的世界——这是正常认知和行为的基本要求。海马记忆回路功能障碍可导致毁灭性的记忆障碍、认知错误、痴呆和精神病,这些是精神分裂症、阿尔茨海默病和其他精神障碍的常见精神症状。为了针对这些情况开发更好的治疗方法,有必要了解支持海马体学习和记忆的细胞计算。侵入性神经生理学实验无法在人类身上进行,因此关于细胞记忆机制的大部分知识都是从动物模型(尤其是啮齿类动物)中学到的。啮齿类动物非常擅长学习在熟悉的区域中导航,而这些能力取决于大脑海马和海马旁区域内的空间记忆回路(如人类)。啮齿动物的海马体含有称为“位置细胞”的神经元,当动物访问特定位置时,这些神经元会选择性地放电,为编码熟悉的空间环境的记忆表示提供神经基质。然而,目前尚不清楚位置细胞如何处理来自海马体外部的输入信号以编码空间记忆。最近,人们发现大鼠内嗅皮层含有一种以前未知的神经元群,称为“网格细胞”。当老鼠在空间环境中导航时,网格细胞会在多个位置选择性地发射,形成六边形网格图案,以惊人的几何精度平铺环境表面。内嗅网格细胞向海马位置细胞发送密集的投影,这表明网格细胞可能提供海马体构建空间记忆表征的基本构建块。这里提出的研究将理论模型研究与清醒大鼠的神经生理学记录和损伤实验相结合,研究网格细胞如何产生其显着的六边形发射场,以及这些发射场如何作为构建海马记忆表征的计算基础集。这项跨学科研究计划具有巨大的潜力,可以彻底改变我们对皮质-海马相互作用的理解,通过揭示皮层如何将传入的关于世界的感官信息打包成海马体可以利用的形式来构建熟悉的位置、物体和事件的连贯记忆表示。从这些研究中获得的知识可能会开创一个新的发现时代,从而带来新的疗法,以减轻精神疾病患者认知和记忆缺陷的负担。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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{{ truncateString('HUGH T BLAIR', 18)}}的其他基金
Frontocortical Signaling Signatures in Flexible Reinforcement Learning
灵活强化学习中的额皮质信号特征
- 批准号:
10304186 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 25.37万 - 项目类别:
Hemispheric Lateralization of Emotional Memory Circuits in the Amygdala
杏仁核情绪记忆回路的半球偏侧化
- 批准号:
7255804 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
$ 25.37万 - 项目类别:
CRCNS: Path Intergration by the Grid Cell Network
CRCNS:网格单元网络的路径整合
- 批准号:
8841822 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
$ 25.37万 - 项目类别:
Hemispheric Lateralization of Emotional Memory Circuits in the Amygdala
杏仁核情绪记忆回路的半球偏侧化
- 批准号:
7458854 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
$ 25.37万 - 项目类别:
CRCNS: Path Intergration by the Grid Cell Network
CRCNS:网格单元网络的路径整合
- 批准号:
8660321 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
$ 25.37万 - 项目类别:
CRCNS: Path Intergration by the Grid Cell Network
CRCNS:网格单元网络的路径整合
- 批准号:
8460139 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
$ 25.37万 - 项目类别:
Lateralization of Emotional Memory Circuits in Amygdala
杏仁核情绪记忆回路的偏侧化
- 批准号:
7094518 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
$ 25.37万 - 项目类别:
CRCNS: Path Intergration by the Grid Cell Network
CRCNS:网格单元网络的路径整合
- 批准号:
8196348 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
$ 25.37万 - 项目类别:
CRCNS: Path Intergration by the Grid Cell Network
CRCNS:网格单元网络的路径整合
- 批准号:
8306731 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
$ 25.37万 - 项目类别:
CRCNS: Path Integration by the Grid Cell Network
CRCNS:网格单元网络的路径集成
- 批准号:
7216448 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
$ 25.37万 - 项目类别: