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Food Consumption in Roman Britain: Diversity and Change

罗马时期不列颠的食物消费：多样性与变化

基本信息

批准号：
AH/D500613/1
负责人：
Marijke Van Der Veen
金额：
$ 3.14万
依托单位：
University of Leicester
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2006 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FD500613%2F1
关键词：
Food Consumption Roman Britain Diversity

项目摘要

This project aims to analyse the diet of people living in Britain during the Roman period (c. AD 43- 410). This period represents a time of major change in Britain: the Roman conquest resulted in the creation of military settlements, towns, a complex road system, specialised craft production, markets, long-distance trade, and the emergence of new social classes. In terms of food, it brought new consumers (people not involved in agricultural production), and new foods, such as grapes, figs, olives, peach, almond, coriander, cucumber, and black pepper, introduced from the Mediterranean region and beyond. What effect did these new developments have? Was this a period of major diversification and change in diet? Do the newly imported foods replace the traditional ones, or do the latter become consumed exclusively by certain groups of the population? Do the new consumers distinguish themselves from the rural community in terms of diet? Since many of the new foods were initially expensive, difficult to obtain and consequently only available to the elite, did they remain exclusive foods throughout the period or did their status change over time? Did any become commonly available and even locally cultivated?The project concerns the analysis of the botanical food remains recovered from Roman period excavations in Britain, consisting of c. 550 published reports. The objective is to write three research papers, synthesizing and interpreting the available evidence for a non-specialist audience. One will represent an overall synthesis of the changes in the British diet over this period, evaluating both cultural and environmental factors influencing the choice of food and assessing the degree to which food helped create or enhance cultural identities. The second paper will focus on the dispersal histories of the exotic foods brought in and assess the degree of differential access to these foods. The third will evaluate the quality of the data currently available for this study, and highlight future research and methodological needs.Food is both a biological and social need for all human societies, and the roots of our current diet are located in history. This research will advance our understanding of the first major period of change in the British diet since the Neolithic. Moreover, as food is both a manifestation of social identity and a tool with which social identities and relations are created, maintained and enhanced, this study will also add to our knowledge of Romano-British society.

这个项目旨在分析罗马时期（公元43- 410年）英国人的饮食。这一时期代表了英国发生重大变化的时期：罗马人的征服导致了军事定居点、城镇、复杂的道路系统、专业工艺生产、市场、长途贸易和新的社会阶层的出现。在食物方面，它带来了新的消费者（不从事农业生产的人），以及从地中海地区和其他地区引进的葡萄、无花果、橄榄、桃子、杏仁、香菜、黄瓜、黑胡椒等新食物。这些新的发展有什么影响？这是饮食主要多样化和变化的时期吗？是新进口的食品取代了传统食品，还是传统食品只被某些人群消费？新消费者在饮食方面与农村社区有区别吗？由于许多新食物最初价格昂贵，难以获得，因此只有精英才能享用，它们是否在整个时期保持独家食品，或者它们的地位是否随着时间的推移而改变？有什么变得普遍可用，甚至在当地种植吗？该项目涉及对英国罗马时期发掘中发现的植物性食物遗骸的分析，包括大约550份已发表的报告。目标是写三篇研究论文，为非专业观众综合和解释现有的证据。其中一篇将全面综合这一时期英国饮食的变化，评估影响食物选择的文化和环境因素，并评估食物在多大程度上有助于创造或增强文化认同。第二篇论文将重点关注外来食物的传播历史，并评估对这些食物的不同获取程度。第三部分将评估本研究目前可用数据的质量，并强调未来的研究和方法需求。食物是所有人类社会的生物和社会需求，我们目前的饮食习惯有其历史根源。这项研究将促进我们对新石器时代以来英国饮食变化的第一个主要时期的理解。此外，由于食物既是社会身份的表现，也是社会身份和关系建立、维持和加强的工具，这项研究也将增加我们对罗马-英国社会的了解。