Music's Digital Cultures: music, policy, production and identity in the digital era

音乐的数字文化：数字时代的音乐、政策、生产和身份

• 批准号: AH/D500796/1
• 负责人: Andrew Blake
• 金额: $ 3.47万
• 依托单位: University of Winchester
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2006 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FD500796%2F1
• 关键词: Music; Digital; Cultures; music; policy

The purpose of the period of research leave requested from AHRC is to prepare for publication the findings of research on the uses of music in the early twenty-first century, which develops earlier work (see Blake and Jeffery 2001; and Blake 2004b; 2005a; and 2005b, in attached CV). The writing project will report on research carried out in and before the autumn of 2005. At least two conference papers, a chapter in a commissioned and contracted edited book (which will be delivered in December 2005), and a commissioned and contracted single-author monograph (due for delivery in September 2006) will disseminate the research findings.The project will open with a literature review. Recent books, journals, websites, and company information will be consulted. This will establish the ways in which policy makers such as the Department for Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS), companies such as EMI, Sony and Motorola and their advertisers, and the online members of user communities, have imagined shifts in the availability uses of music, and have, and/or are, actively providing for such shifts- for example through:The formation of cultural policy and revisions to copyright and intellectual property law (e.g. the Creative Industries Intellectual Property Forum which was launched by DCMS in 2004);MP3 download provision on laptop computers, MP3 players and mobile phones;The iTunes personal computer programme and online music sales facility, and its recently introduced Virgin and HMV rivals;The Garage band music composition programme which is currently delivered with new Apple computers*;Non-proprietary web forums which discuss the best use of these devices.The literature review will aid in the preparation of documentation for semi-structured interviews which will aim to test policy makers', producers' and users' attitudes to legal, ethical and personal issues arising from the uses of music through new portable technologies.Interviews will be held with representatives from government; from record and mobile phone companies and the advertisers who work for them; journalists who regularly evaluate these businesses' products; with the operators of non-proprietary websites dedicated to the users of mobile technologies such as the iPod; and at least four groups of 8-10 consumers from London and the South-East of England, selected by age (plus or minus 25), and gender-balanced. A schedule has been drawn up for these interviews, which will be held during the autumn of 2005. If necessary further Interviews with groups of users of mobile technologies will be scheduled for January 2006.There will be catch-up literature reviews in January, March and May 2006, and this may lead to further email correspondence or face-to-face contact with interviewees, if it is necessary either to clarify issues or there has been a significant change in, for example, product availability, or the legal position on the ownership and use of music.The Garage band programme is of particular interest because of the assumptions it makes about the ordinary computer user's attitude to composition through the provision of ready-made music. In composing a 'new' piece of music, the user is encouraged to use existing factory-made samples. This apparently conceptualises the composition of music as the juxtaposition of available material, which may in turn reinforce users' willingness to pay, or not to pay, for copyrighted music. The project will test such assumptions and the ways in which technologies confirm or deny users' beliefs and desires.

AHRC申请研究假的目的是准备出版关于21世纪初音乐使用的研究结果，这是对早期工作的发展(见Blake和Jeffery 2001；和Blake 2004b；2005a；和2005b，见所附简历)。写作项目将报告在2005年秋季及之前开展的研究。至少两篇会议论文、一本受委托和签约编辑的书中的一章(将于2005年12月交付)和一本受委托和签约的单一作者专著(将于2006年9月交付)将传播研究成果。将查阅最近的书籍、期刊、网站和公司信息。这将确定政策制定者，如文化、媒体和体育部(DCMS)、百代、索尼和摩托罗拉等公司及其广告商，以及用户社区的在线成员，如何设想音乐可获得性的变化，并已经和/或正在积极为这种变化做准备--例如，通过以下方式：制定文化政策并修订著作权法和知识产权法(如DCMS于2004年发起的创意产业知识产权论坛)；在笔记本电脑、MP3播放器和移动电话上提供MP3下载；ITunes个人计算机程序和在线音乐销售设施，以及最近推出的维珍和HMV竞争对手；Garage乐队音乐创作程序，目前与新的苹果电脑一起提供*；讨论如何最好地利用这些设备的非专有网络论坛。文献综述将有助于准备半结构化采访的文件，旨在测试政策制定者、制作人和用户对通过新的便携式技术使用音乐所产生的法律、伦理和个人问题的态度。访谈将与来自政府的代表、来自唱片公司和移动电话公司及其广告商的代表、定期评估这些企业产品的记者、与iPod等专门面向移动技术用户的非专有网站的运营商；以及至少四组8-10人的消费者，他们来自伦敦和英格兰东南部，按年龄(正负25岁)和性别均衡挑选。这些面谈的日程已经拟定，将于2005年秋季举行。如有必要，与移动技术用户群体的进一步访谈将安排在2006年1月进行。2006年1月、3月和5月将进行补充文献回顾，这可能导致进一步的电子邮件通信或与受访者的面对面接触，如果有必要澄清问题，或在产品供应或音乐所有权和使用的法律地位方面发生重大变化。车库乐队计划特别令人感兴趣，因为它对普通计算机用户通过提供现成音乐进行创作的态度做出了假设。在创作一首新的音乐时，鼓励用户使用现有的工厂制造的样本。这显然将音乐的创作概念化为现有材料的并列，这反过来可能会加强用户为受版权保护的音乐付费或不付费的意愿。该项目将测试这些假设，以及技术确认或否认用户信仰和愿望的方式。