George Buchanan's Psalm Paraphrases: critical edition, annotated translation, and literary study of a masterpiece of neo-Latin religious poetry.

乔治·布坎南的诗篇释义：新拉丁宗教诗歌杰作的批评版、注释翻译和文学研究。

• 批准号: AH/E000169/1
• 负责人: Roger Green
• 金额: $ 3.58万
• 依托单位: University of Glasgow
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2007 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FE000169%2F1
• 关键词: George; Buchanan; Psalm; Paraphrases; critical

Poet and dramatist, teacher and educationalist, political writer and statesman, George Buchanan is for many reasons one of the most notable European figures of the sixteenth century. Very much the traditional 'Scot abroad' and 'man o'pairts', he lived an eventful life in France and Portugal (and to a much lesser extent England and Italy) before returning to Scotland in middle age. His many-sided poetry is one of his greatest claims to fame, and outstanding within it is his complete set of Psalm Paraphrases in Latin verse, poems which are at once faithful versions of the Latin Psalter and elegant Latin odes in their own right. Printed in some twenty editions in his lifetime, and very frequently in the following two centuries, they are an exceptional example, as his contemporaries recognized, of a poetic genre that was extremely popular among Humanist writers of the European Renaissance, and later in the schoolrooms of Europe. His work shows not only a devout identification with the Old Testament Psalms but also a high degree of poetic skill and sensitivity to the literary language of the Latin classics. Buchanan thus seeks imaginatively to blend the material of two cultures at a time when there was exceptional interest not only in their reception and interrelation but also in questions of how they were to be presented. Poetry of this kind has been little studied. Buchanan's paraphrases have not received a full critical edition since 1715, although the various printings of the work that emerged almost annually in his lifetime show considerable variation. The first task therefore is to assess the value of the various textual evidence and produce a valid and authoritative text. Since no complete translation exists, or (I believe) has ever existed, a clear translation for modern readers is essential. Then, as readers work through or refer to the Latin text and facing English translation, various matters will need to be explained in the form of notes. There are also many important questions to be asked about the genre and Buchanan's negotiation of it, and these will be treated in an extensive introduction. Why was this poetic form and devotional exercise (it was both of these) so popular at the time? How did Buchanan pursue his task, from the initial choice of metre and style to the polishing of his finished product? Does he use the Latin Vulgate exclusively as his source? What is the contribution of Vergil, Horace, and other classical poets? Can we detect a personal imprint of any kind in his renderings, or anything approaching an exploration of the self? Is light shed on Buchanan's much debated religious development, or on the extent or modes of his classical reading? Why, and for what purposes, did the paraphrases continue to be read, discussed, and indeed sung to music well into the eighteenth century? The book which results from this project will be a major contribution to the rapidly growing interest in neo-Latin literature and in classicizing Humanist writing of the Renaissance. It will show one creative way in which Latin, one of the major languages of Europe, was used by a scholar steeped in the ideas, metres and style of the classics; but also how he presents his meditations on the sacred text. The result is an instructive example of dialogue between cultures and of what is often called the 'Christian Humanism' of the northern European Renaissance. The projected book will shed further light on Buchanan's life and work and on his contribution to the culture of his native Scotland, as well as illustrating his poetic qualities and showing how he understood the Bible and the classical poets.

诗人和剧作家、教师和教育家、政治作家和政治家乔治·布坎南（George Buchanan）出于许多原因是16世纪欧洲最著名的人物之一。他是传统的“海外苏格兰人”和“混血”，在中年回到苏格兰之前，他在法国和葡萄牙（以及较少的英格兰和意大利）过着多事的生活。他的多面体诗歌是他最出名的作品之一，其中最突出的是他的全套拉丁诗文《诗篇》释义，这些诗歌既是拉丁诗篇的忠实版本，也是优雅的拉丁颂歌。在他的一生中出版了大约20个版本，并且在接下来的两个世纪里非常频繁，正如他的同时代人所认识到的那样，它们是一种特殊的诗歌类型，在欧洲文艺复兴时期的人文主义作家中非常流行，后来在欧洲的学校里也很流行。他的作品不仅表现出对旧约诗篇的虔诚认同，而且表现出高度的诗歌技巧和对拉丁经典文学语言的敏感。因此，布坎南寻求富有想象力地融合两种文化的材料，当时不仅对它们的接受和相互关系，而且对如何呈现它们的问题都有特殊的兴趣。这类诗歌很少被研究。自1715年以来，布坎南的释义一直没有得到完整的评论版，尽管在他一生中几乎每年都会出现的各种版本显示出相当大的变化。因此，第一个任务是评估各种文本证据的价值，并产生有效和权威的文本。由于没有完整的翻译存在，或者（我相信）曾经存在过，因此为现代读者提供一个清晰的翻译是必不可少的。然后，当读者浏览或参考拉丁文文本并面临英文翻译时，需要以笔记的形式解释各种事项。关于这一类型和布坎南对它的处理，还有许多重要的问题需要问，这些问题将在一个广泛的介绍中处理。为什么这种诗歌形式和虔诚的练习（两者都是）在当时如此受欢迎？布坎南是如何完成他的任务的，从最初的节奏和风格的选择到成品的抛光？他是否只使用拉丁文《通俗经》作为他的资料来源？维吉尔、贺拉斯和其他古典诗人的贡献是什么？我们能否在他的作品中发现任何形式的个人印记，或者任何接近自我探索的东西？是关于布坎南备受争议的宗教发展，还是关于他的经典阅读的程度或模式？为什么，出于什么目的，这些意译继续被阅读，讨论，并被唱成音乐，直到18世纪？从这个项目产生的这本书将是对新拉丁文学和文艺复兴时期人文主义写作的经典化迅速增长的兴趣的主要贡献。它将展示一个沉浸在古典思想、韵律和风格中的学者如何创造性地使用拉丁语——欧洲的主要语言之一；还有他对神圣文本的思考。其结果是文化之间的对话和北欧文艺复兴时期通常被称为“基督教人文主义”的一个有益的例子。这本计划出版的书将进一步揭示布坎南的生活和工作，以及他对家乡苏格兰文化的贡献，并说明他的诗歌品质，展示他如何理解圣经和古典诗人。